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Bioethics in a cultural context : philosophy, religion, history, politics / Vincent Barry.
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Title:Bioethics in a cultural context : philosophy, religion, history, politics / Vincent Barry.
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Author/Creator:Barry, Vincent E.
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Published/Created:Boston : Wadsworth, ©2012.
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Holdings
Holdings Record Display
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Location:BMB LIBRARY (VGH) stacksWhere is this?
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Call Number: QH332 .B37 2012
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Number of Items:1
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Status:Available
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Location:WOODWARD LIBRARY stacksWhere is this?
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Call Number: QH332 .B37 2012
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Number of Items:1
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Status:Available
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Location:BMB LIBRARY (VGH) stacksWhere is this?
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Library of Congress Subjects:Bioethics--Cross-cultural studies.
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Medical Subjects: Bioethics
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Description:xxvii, 435 pages ; 24 cm.
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Series:Cengage advantage books.
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Summary:"Bioethics in a Cultural Context: Philosophy, Religion, History, Politics presents a unique, philosophical approach to modern bioethics that helps you understand the ways in which today's bioethical controversies are tied to profound, underlying philosophical questions. Author Vincent Barry masterfully provides insight into the influences of religion, history and politics on bioethical debate."--Page 4 of cover.
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Notes:Includes bibliographical references.
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ISBN:9780495814085
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Contents:Machine generated contents note: Bioethics
Ethics
Normative Ethics
Metaethics
Bioethics Across Cultures
Canada's Terri Schiavo
Making Sense of Moral Conflict
Issues
Bioethics Across Cultures
Religion and HIV/AIDS in Africa
Adversaries
About This Book
Cases and Controversies Reproductive Flashpoints
Refusal Legislation
Religion and Terminal Care
References
pt. I Two Enduring Traditions
Introduction: Sacred and Secular Foundations
ch. 1 Medieval Religion and Enlightenment Science
Welcome To Technopia
Medieval Church
Authority of the Bible
Biblical Account of Creation
Human Nature
Relationship and the Covenant
Problem of Evil
Augustinian Theodicy
Doctrines of the Fall and Depravity
Moral Failure and IIIness
Bi-level Conception of Sin
Medicine and the Supernatural
Illness as Salvific
Role of Government and Law
Enlightenment Science
Bioethics Across Cultures
Buddhism, Health, and Disease
Scientific Method
Rene Descartes
Emergent Scientific Medicine
Mechanism
Bioethics Across Cultures
Islamic Science
Implications for Religion
Deism
Anthropic Mechanism
Personhood as Consciousness
Problem of Evil
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
What Doctors Think about Religion and Health
Faith Flags
Criticism of Science and Its Method
Life and Death of Jane Tomlinson
References
ch. 2 Religious and Secular Ethics
Divine Command Theory
Scriptural Basis
Natural Law
Doctrine of Double Effect
Secular Natural Law
Legal and Moral Rights
Social Contract Theory
Kant's Thought and Ethics
Philosophy's "Copernican Revolution"
God, Morality, and the Problem of Evil
Moral Choice
Categorical Imperative
Social Interests
Moral Rights
Utilitarianism
Utility Principle
Moral Rights and the Harm Principle
Bioethics Across Cultures
Bentham in Bhutan
Social Interests
Preference Satisfaction
Conclusions
Bioethics Across Cultures
Spain Extends Rights to Apes
Cases and Controversies
Jodie and Mary Twins' Tragedy
Life vs. Law
Crossing the Border to Sell Blood
Is Vaccinating Part of the Social Contract?
References
pt. II Origins and Context of Bioethics
Introduction: Triumph of Secularism
ch. 3 Birth of Bioethics
Emergent Patient Consciousness
Bioethics Across Cultures
Africa Still Waiting for "The Sanitary Revolution"
New Frontier of Medicine
New Technology and Treatments
Advances in Reproductive Technologies
Scientific Research
Bioethics Across Cultures
Globalization of Clinical Research
Court Decisions
Law at the Beginning of Life
Law at the End of Life
Pioneers and Their Mind-Set
Theologians
Philosophers
Points of Difference
Common Ground
Utility and Autonomy
Faith in Rationality
National Religious Identity
"Jeffersonian Compromise"
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Tuskegee Study
Death of Karen Ann Quinlan
Surrogate Mother Elizabeth Kane
References
ch. 4 Basic Principles of Bioethics
Hippocratic Paternalism
Belmont Principles
Bioethics Across Cultures
Transcultural Human Rights
Autonomy
Moral Limits
Secular and Religious Appeal
Nonmaleficence
Bioethics Across Cultures
Cross-Cultural Care
Beneficence
Bioethics Across Cultures
Traditional Medicine for the Hmong
Justice
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Drugs, Devices, and Disclosure
Medical Workers Involved in C.I.A. Interrogations
Steven Jobs Liver Transplant
References
ch. 5 Applications
Patient's Bill of Rights
Truthtelling
Bioethics Across Cultures
East Asian Autonomy
Informed Consent
Deliberation
Voluntariness
Bioethics Across Cultures
Japanese Woman with Aggressive Leukemia
Kinds of Informed Consent
Advance Directives
Participation in Medical Research
Bioethics Across Cultures
Slow Dying in Nigeria
Privacy and Confidentiality
DNA: The Genetic Fingerprint
Bioethics Across Cultures
Baseball's Genetic Testing in Latin America
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Merenstein Case of Informed Consent
Safeguarding Patient Communication / Jaffee V. Redmond
First Gene Therapy Death / Jesse Gelsinger
References
ch. 6 Beyond Principlism I: Autonomy Under Attack
Feeling Betrayed by Principlism
Critique of Autonomy
Patient Autonomy as Impoverishing Bioethics
Patient Autonomy Disallows Conscientious Objection
Bioethics Across Cultures
Unmarried and Pregnant in Saudi Arabia
Autonomy As Overriding Professional Judgment
Suggested Offsetting Principles
Ecological Principle
Vital Institution Principle
Theonomy Principle
Bioethics Across Cultures
Egyptian Doctor's Honesty Backfires
Participated Theonomy
Cases and Controversies
When Plan B Doesn't Work
Guarded about Gardasil
Benitez v. North Coast Women's Care Medical Group
References
ch. 7 Beyond Principlism II: Alternative Perspectives
Virtue Theory
Feminist Ethics of Care
Justice
Bioethics Across Cultures
Buddhist Virtue
Care
Emergence of Feminist Bioethics
Bioethics Across Cultures
Global Violence Against Women
Existential and Spiritual Dimensions of Illness
Narratives
Narrative Theology and Ethics
Bioethics Across Cultures
Bioethics in the Twenty-first Century
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Forever Small: The Ashley Treatment
Dax Cowart: Burn Victim Wants to Die
Gatekeepers Without Empathy
References
pt. III Issues at the Beginning of Life
Introduction: Headlines for Reproductive Ethics
References
ch. 8 Conceptual Matters in Abortion and Reproductive Technology
Banning Abortion in South Dakota
Developmental Sequence of Human Life
First Trimester
Second Trimester
Third Trimester
Ontological Status of the Unborn
Meaning of Human Life
Meaning of Personhood
When Ontological Status is Attained
Hominization and Ensoulment
Bioethics Across Cultures
Jewish Beliefs about Personhood
Moral Status of The Unborn
Religious Views
Bioethics Across Cultures
Islamic Understanding of Fetal Development
Secular Views
Scientific Views about when Life Begins
Genetic View
Embryological View
Neurological View
Additional Views
Bioethics Across Cultures
Buddhism, Personhood, and Abortion
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Language of Embryology
Is Commander Data a Person?
Fetal Life and Personhood
References
ch. 9 Abortion Debate I: Pre-Roe
Murder of Dr. George Tiller
Brief History
Life Matters Most: The Conservative Religious View
Religious Natural Law and the Principle of Double Effect
Bioethics Across Cultures
Early Induction in Ontario
Scriptural Teachings
Mobilization of Pro-Choice Consciousness
Bioethics Across Cultures
Abortions in Kenya
Philosophical Analyses of Abortion
Bioethics Across Cultures
Young Muslim Woman with a Complicated Pregnancy
Religious Social Teaching and Activism
Cases and Controversies
Sherri Finkbine and the Thalidomide Tragedy
Grisworld v. Connecticut (1965)
Pre-Roe "Bad Old Days"
References
ch. 10 Abortion Debate II: Roe and Beyond
Choice Matters Most: The Roe Decision
Religious Liberty Principle
Privacy
Roe and Cultural Conflict
Current Religious Sentiment
Bioethics Across Cultures
Outrage in Brazil
Choice Under Attack
Culture of Life
Bioethics Across Cultures
Mexico Legislates Personhood
Creation of the Fetal Citizen
Bioethics Across Cultures
Abortion Around the World
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)
South Dakota Script
Redefining Pregnancy
References
ch. 11 Assisted Reproduction Debate I: Principled Considerations
Test-Tube Babies
Assisted Reproductive Technology
Surrogacy
Ethical Debates
Rights
Procreative Liberty
Life
Respect for Human Life
Unity of Marriage, Sex, and Reproduction
Religious Views
Bioethics Across Cultures
Sunni and Shi' a Views of Reproductive Technology
Secular Views
Gender Liberation and Self-Determination
Bioethics Across Cultures
ARTs and Women in India
Cases and Controversies
Who Owns Frozen Embryos? / Dahl V. Angle
What to Do with Frozen Embryos?
Love, Sex, and Marriage
References
ch. 12 Assisted Reproduction Debate II: Empirical Considerations
Commerce of Reproduction
Questions of Lineage
Bioethics Across Cultures
Wombs for Rent in India
Religious Considerations
Legal Considerations
Meaning of Family and The Well-Being of Offspring
Bioethics Across Cultures
Dead Men To Father Children in Israel and England
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
In re Baby M: First Surrogacy Case
Three Adults with Parental Rights / Jacob V. Shultz-Jacob
Wanted: A Few Good Sperm for Choice Mothers
References
ch. 13 Prenatal Testing Debate I: Embryo Screening
Boy in the Plastic Bubble
Medical Uses of Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis
Having Healthy Children
Creating Compatible Donors
Contents note continued: Generating Embryonic Stem Cells
Ethical Debate
Embryo Creation and Destruction
Trait Selection
Bioethics Across Cultures
Eugenics Around the World
Bioethics Across Cultures
Biotechnology in China
Cases and Controversies
Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
Genetic Matchmaker
Growing a Baby with a Disorder
References
ch. 14 Prenatal Testing Debate II: Sex Selection
Proper use of Technology
Pre- vs. Postconception Technology
Sexism
Sex Ratios in Local Populations
Commodification of Reproduction
Bioethics Across Cultures
Chinese Bias for Baby Boys
Bioethics Across Cultures
Clinics' Pitch to Indian Emigres
Consumer Eugenics
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Genetic Risks: To Disclose or Not To Disclose?
Made-to-Order Babies
Slouching Toward Gattaca?
Creation of "Synthia"
References
ch. 15 Stem Cell Debate I: Background and Terminology
Loosening the Stem Cell Binds
Embryonic and Non-Embryonic Stem Cells
Differentiation
Lines
Obtaining Stem Cells
Pre-Implantation or Spare Embryos
Created Embryos
Bioethics Across Cultures
Japanese Create Fatherless Mouse with Three Mothers
Reprogrammed Stem Cells
Bioethics Across Cultures
ESC Research in Iran
Cloning
Cases and Controversies
Pernkopf Anatomy
Irreconcilable Differences
Missyplicity Project
References
ch. 16 Stem Cell Debate II: The Ethics of the Science
Personal Ethics
Research Ethics
Destruction of the Early Embryo
Bioethics Across Cultures
Embryonic Stem Cell Research Worldwide
Spare versus Created Embryos
Alternatives to Embryo Destruction
Social Ethics
Disruption of Traditional Understanding
Bioethics Across Cultures
Human-Animal Hybrid in Britain
Threats to Social Justice
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Cloning and Cultural Conflict
NIH ESC Guidelines
Personal Decision Behind the Public Controversy / Frozen Embryos
References
pt. IV Issues at the End of Life
Introduction: Jack's Back
References
ch. 17 Definition and Criteria of Death
DCD and The Death of Ruben Navarro
Traditional Heart-Lung Definition
Whole-Brain Death Definition
Challenges to the Whole-Brain Formulation
Return to the Heart-Lung Formulation
Adopt a Higher-Brain Formulation
Adopt a Brainstem Formulation
Biological vs. Psychosocial Debate: Organisms vs. Persons
Death of the Organism: A Biological Perspective
Bioethics Across Cultures
Japan's Organ Transplantation Law
Death of the Person: A Psychosocial Perspective
Bioethics Across Cultures
Cross-Cultural Perspective on Brain Death
Lingering Questions about Brain Death
Definition or Permission?
Help or Harm?
Event or Process?
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Man Who Woke Up After Nineteen Years / Terry Wallis
Baby Theresa
In the Conservatorship of Wendland
References
ch. 18 Conceptual Issues in Suicide and Euthanasia
Assisted Death of Piergiorgio Welby
Suicide: The Problem of Definition
Self-Sacrificial Deaths
Coerced Deaths
Euthanasia
Definition: Narrow and Broad Interpretations
Killing vs. Allowing to Die
Bioethics Across Cultures
Suicide Tourists
Distinction with or without a Difference?
Voluntary and Nonvoluntary Decisions
Voluntary Decisions
Bioethics Across Cultures
"Compassionate Murder" in Canada
Nonvoluntary Decisions
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Life-Sustaining Treatments and Vegetative State / Pope John Paul II
Boston Declaration on Assisted Dying
Barney Clark's Key
References
ch. 19 Suicide in the West: A Brief History
Suicide of Isadore Millstone
Bioethics Across Cultures
Al-Qaida and Suicide Terrorism
Suicide as an Offense to God, Neighbor, Self: Plato and Aristotle
Suicide as a Rational Act: The Stoics
Suicide as Sinful: Augustine and Aquinas
Suicide as Beneficial to Self and Others: Hume
On Suicide
Suicide as Violating Moral Responsibility: Kant
Argument from Free Will
Argument from Human Nature
Argument from Autonomy
Argument from Divine Will
Suicide as a Social Utility: Bentham and Mill
Bioethics Across Cultures
Field of Tears in South Korea
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
"Rational" Suicide of Carolyn Heilbrun
Final Exit Network
Suicide of Garrett Hardin
References
ch. 20 Assisted Death Debate I: Individual Morality
Assisted Death of Velma Howard
Principles
Utility/Happiness
Respect for Persons
Divine Command
Bioethics Across Cultures
Englaro Case Tears Italy Apart
Virtue
Roles and Professions
Bioethics Across Cultures
Groningen Protocol
Cases and Controversies
Coup de Grace
Mercy Killing When Disaster Strikes / Hurricane Katrina
Does Responsible Care Include Assisted Dying?
References
ch. 21 Assisted Death Debate II: Social Policy and Law
Final Campaign of Booth Gardner
Individual Rights
Human or Moral Rights
Welfare Rights
Bioethics Across Cultures
YouTube Plea from Australia
Equality
Disparate Impact
General Welfare
State Paternalism
Bioethics Across Cultures
World Legal Opinion on Assisted Death
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Oregon's Death with Dignity Act
Dying and the War on Drugs
Baxter v. Montana
"Euthanasia Underground"
References
ch. 22 Rationing Health Care at the End of Life
Death of Barbara Wagner
Health Care Rationing
Arguments for Age-Based Rationing
Fair Innings Argument
Prudential Lifespan Account
Arguments Against Age-Based Rationing
High Cost of End-of-Life Care
Rationing by Medical Futility
Physician Beneficence vs. Patient Autonomy
Arguments for a Judgment of Futility
Professionalism
Responsible Stewardship
Arguments Against a Judgment of Futility
Bioethics Across Cultures
QALY in the UK
No Consensus about the Definition of Futility
Uncertain Prognoses/Mistaken Diagnoses
Social Contract
Conclusions
Cases and Controversies
Case of Helga Wanglie
Gilgunn-Massachusetts General Hospital
Death of Toddler Emilio Gonzales
References
Conclusion: Bioethics, Religion, and Liberal Democracy
Religious vs. Secular Bioethics
Liberal Democacy
Rethinking the "Jeffersonian Compromise"
Unprovable First Principles of All Worldviews
Double Standard
No Common Ground for Dialogue
Toward an Overlapping Consensus
Bioethics Across Cultures
Cross-Cultural International Bioethics
Religion in Public Bioethics
Cases and Controversies
Battle Over Bioethics
References.