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    Bioethics in a cultural context : philosophy, religion, history, politics / Vincent Barry.

    • Title:Bioethics in a cultural context : philosophy, religion, history, politics / Vincent Barry.
    •    
    • Author/Creator:Barry, Vincent E.
    • Published/Created:Boston : Wadsworth, ©2012.
    • Holdings

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Bioethics--Cross-cultural studies.
    • Medical Subjects: Bioethics
    • Description:xxvii, 435 pages ; 24 cm.
    • Series:Cengage advantage books.
    • Summary:"Bioethics in a Cultural Context: Philosophy, Religion, History, Politics presents a unique, philosophical approach to modern bioethics that helps you understand the ways in which today's bioethical controversies are tied to profound, underlying philosophical questions. Author Vincent Barry masterfully provides insight into the influences of religion, history and politics on bioethical debate."--Page 4 of cover.
    • Notes:Includes bibliographical references.
    • ISBN:9780495814085
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: Bioethics
      Ethics
      Normative Ethics
      Metaethics
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Canada's Terri Schiavo
      Making Sense of Moral Conflict
      Issues
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Religion and HIV/AIDS in Africa
      Adversaries
      About This Book
      Cases and Controversies Reproductive Flashpoints
      Refusal Legislation
      Religion and Terminal Care
      References
      pt. I Two Enduring Traditions
      Introduction: Sacred and Secular Foundations
      ch. 1 Medieval Religion and Enlightenment Science
      Welcome To Technopia
      Medieval Church
      Authority of the Bible
      Biblical Account of Creation
      Human Nature
      Relationship and the Covenant
      Problem of Evil
      Augustinian Theodicy
      Doctrines of the Fall and Depravity
      Moral Failure and IIIness
      Bi-level Conception of Sin
      Medicine and the Supernatural
      Illness as Salvific
      Role of Government and Law
      Enlightenment Science
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Buddhism, Health, and Disease
      Scientific Method
      Rene Descartes
      Emergent Scientific Medicine
      Mechanism
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Islamic Science
      Implications for Religion
      Deism
      Anthropic Mechanism
      Personhood as Consciousness
      Problem of Evil
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      What Doctors Think about Religion and Health
      Faith Flags
      Criticism of Science and Its Method
      Life and Death of Jane Tomlinson
      References
      ch. 2 Religious and Secular Ethics
      Divine Command Theory
      Scriptural Basis
      Natural Law
      Doctrine of Double Effect
      Secular Natural Law
      Legal and Moral Rights
      Social Contract Theory
      Kant's Thought and Ethics
      Philosophy's "Copernican Revolution"
      God, Morality, and the Problem of Evil
      Moral Choice
      Categorical Imperative
      Social Interests
      Moral Rights
      Utilitarianism
      Utility Principle
      Moral Rights and the Harm Principle
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Bentham in Bhutan
      Social Interests
      Preference Satisfaction
      Conclusions
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Spain Extends Rights to Apes
      Cases and Controversies
      Jodie and Mary Twins' Tragedy
      Life vs. Law
      Crossing the Border to Sell Blood
      Is Vaccinating Part of the Social Contract?
      References
      pt. II Origins and Context of Bioethics
      Introduction: Triumph of Secularism
      ch. 3 Birth of Bioethics
      Emergent Patient Consciousness
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Africa Still Waiting for "The Sanitary Revolution"
      New Frontier of Medicine
      New Technology and Treatments
      Advances in Reproductive Technologies
      Scientific Research
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Globalization of Clinical Research
      Court Decisions
      Law at the Beginning of Life
      Law at the End of Life
      Pioneers and Their Mind-Set
      Theologians
      Philosophers
      Points of Difference
      Common Ground
      Utility and Autonomy
      Faith in Rationality
      National Religious Identity
      "Jeffersonian Compromise"
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Tuskegee Study
      Death of Karen Ann Quinlan
      Surrogate Mother Elizabeth Kane
      References
      ch. 4 Basic Principles of Bioethics
      Hippocratic Paternalism
      Belmont Principles
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Transcultural Human Rights
      Autonomy
      Moral Limits
      Secular and Religious Appeal
      Nonmaleficence
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Cross-Cultural Care
      Beneficence
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Traditional Medicine for the Hmong
      Justice
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Drugs, Devices, and Disclosure
      Medical Workers Involved in C.I.A. Interrogations
      Steven Jobs Liver Transplant
      References
      ch. 5 Applications
      Patient's Bill of Rights
      Truthtelling
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      East Asian Autonomy
      Informed Consent
      Deliberation
      Voluntariness
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Japanese Woman with Aggressive Leukemia
      Kinds of Informed Consent
      Advance Directives
      Participation in Medical Research
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Slow Dying in Nigeria
      Privacy and Confidentiality
      DNA: The Genetic Fingerprint
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Baseball's Genetic Testing in Latin America
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Merenstein Case of Informed Consent
      Safeguarding Patient Communication / Jaffee V. Redmond
      First Gene Therapy Death / Jesse Gelsinger
      References
      ch. 6 Beyond Principlism I: Autonomy Under Attack
      Feeling Betrayed by Principlism
      Critique of Autonomy
      Patient Autonomy as Impoverishing Bioethics
      Patient Autonomy Disallows Conscientious Objection
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Unmarried and Pregnant in Saudi Arabia
      Autonomy As Overriding Professional Judgment
      Suggested Offsetting Principles
      Ecological Principle
      Vital Institution Principle
      Theonomy Principle
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Egyptian Doctor's Honesty Backfires
      Participated Theonomy
      Cases and Controversies
      When Plan B Doesn't Work
      Guarded about Gardasil
      Benitez v. North Coast Women's Care Medical Group
      References
      ch. 7 Beyond Principlism II: Alternative Perspectives
      Virtue Theory
      Feminist Ethics of Care
      Justice
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Buddhist Virtue
      Care
      Emergence of Feminist Bioethics
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Global Violence Against Women
      Existential and Spiritual Dimensions of Illness
      Narratives
      Narrative Theology and Ethics
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Bioethics in the Twenty-first Century
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Forever Small: The Ashley Treatment
      Dax Cowart: Burn Victim Wants to Die
      Gatekeepers Without Empathy
      References
      pt. III Issues at the Beginning of Life
      Introduction: Headlines for Reproductive Ethics
      References
      ch. 8 Conceptual Matters in Abortion and Reproductive Technology
      Banning Abortion in South Dakota
      Developmental Sequence of Human Life
      First Trimester
      Second Trimester
      Third Trimester
      Ontological Status of the Unborn
      Meaning of Human Life
      Meaning of Personhood
      When Ontological Status is Attained
      Hominization and Ensoulment
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Jewish Beliefs about Personhood
      Moral Status of The Unborn
      Religious Views
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Islamic Understanding of Fetal Development
      Secular Views
      Scientific Views about when Life Begins
      Genetic View
      Embryological View
      Neurological View
      Additional Views
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Buddhism, Personhood, and Abortion
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Language of Embryology
      Is Commander Data a Person?
      Fetal Life and Personhood
      References
      ch. 9 Abortion Debate I: Pre-Roe
      Murder of Dr. George Tiller
      Brief History
      Life Matters Most: The Conservative Religious View
      Religious Natural Law and the Principle of Double Effect
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Early Induction in Ontario
      Scriptural Teachings
      Mobilization of Pro-Choice Consciousness
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Abortions in Kenya
      Philosophical Analyses of Abortion
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Young Muslim Woman with a Complicated Pregnancy
      Religious Social Teaching and Activism
      Cases and Controversies
      Sherri Finkbine and the Thalidomide Tragedy
      Grisworld v. Connecticut (1965)
      Pre-Roe "Bad Old Days"
      References
      ch. 10 Abortion Debate II: Roe and Beyond
      Choice Matters Most: The Roe Decision
      Religious Liberty Principle
      Privacy
      Roe and Cultural Conflict
      Current Religious Sentiment
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Outrage in Brazil
      Choice Under Attack
      Culture of Life
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Mexico Legislates Personhood
      Creation of the Fetal Citizen
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Abortion Around the World
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)
      South Dakota Script
      Redefining Pregnancy
      References
      ch. 11 Assisted Reproduction Debate I: Principled Considerations
      Test-Tube Babies
      Assisted Reproductive Technology
      Surrogacy
      Ethical Debates
      Rights
      Procreative Liberty
      Life
      Respect for Human Life
      Unity of Marriage, Sex, and Reproduction
      Religious Views
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Sunni and Shi' a Views of Reproductive Technology
      Secular Views
      Gender Liberation and Self-Determination
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      ARTs and Women in India
      Cases and Controversies
      Who Owns Frozen Embryos? / Dahl V. Angle
      What to Do with Frozen Embryos?
      Love, Sex, and Marriage
      References
      ch. 12 Assisted Reproduction Debate II: Empirical Considerations
      Commerce of Reproduction
      Questions of Lineage
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Wombs for Rent in India
      Religious Considerations
      Legal Considerations
      Meaning of Family and The Well-Being of Offspring
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Dead Men To Father Children in Israel and England
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      In re Baby M: First Surrogacy Case
      Three Adults with Parental Rights / Jacob V. Shultz-Jacob
      Wanted: A Few Good Sperm for Choice Mothers
      References
      ch. 13 Prenatal Testing Debate I: Embryo Screening
      Boy in the Plastic Bubble
      Medical Uses of Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis
      Having Healthy Children
      Creating Compatible Donors
      Contents note continued: Generating Embryonic Stem Cells
      Ethical Debate
      Embryo Creation and Destruction
      Trait Selection
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Eugenics Around the World
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Biotechnology in China
      Cases and Controversies
      Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act
      Genetic Matchmaker
      Growing a Baby with a Disorder
      References
      ch. 14 Prenatal Testing Debate II: Sex Selection
      Proper use of Technology
      Pre- vs. Postconception Technology
      Sexism
      Sex Ratios in Local Populations
      Commodification of Reproduction
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Chinese Bias for Baby Boys
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Clinics' Pitch to Indian Emigres
      Consumer Eugenics
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Genetic Risks: To Disclose or Not To Disclose?
      Made-to-Order Babies
      Slouching Toward Gattaca?
      Creation of "Synthia"
      References
      ch. 15 Stem Cell Debate I: Background and Terminology
      Loosening the Stem Cell Binds
      Embryonic and Non-Embryonic Stem Cells
      Differentiation
      Lines
      Obtaining Stem Cells
      Pre-Implantation or Spare Embryos
      Created Embryos
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Japanese Create Fatherless Mouse with Three Mothers
      Reprogrammed Stem Cells
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      ESC Research in Iran
      Cloning
      Cases and Controversies
      Pernkopf Anatomy
      Irreconcilable Differences
      Missyplicity Project
      References
      ch. 16 Stem Cell Debate II: The Ethics of the Science
      Personal Ethics
      Research Ethics
      Destruction of the Early Embryo
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Embryonic Stem Cell Research Worldwide
      Spare versus Created Embryos
      Alternatives to Embryo Destruction
      Social Ethics
      Disruption of Traditional Understanding
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Human-Animal Hybrid in Britain
      Threats to Social Justice
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Cloning and Cultural Conflict
      NIH ESC Guidelines
      Personal Decision Behind the Public Controversy / Frozen Embryos
      References
      pt. IV Issues at the End of Life
      Introduction: Jack's Back
      References
      ch. 17 Definition and Criteria of Death
      DCD and The Death of Ruben Navarro
      Traditional Heart-Lung Definition
      Whole-Brain Death Definition
      Challenges to the Whole-Brain Formulation
      Return to the Heart-Lung Formulation
      Adopt a Higher-Brain Formulation
      Adopt a Brainstem Formulation
      Biological vs. Psychosocial Debate: Organisms vs. Persons
      Death of the Organism: A Biological Perspective
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Japan's Organ Transplantation Law
      Death of the Person: A Psychosocial Perspective
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Cross-Cultural Perspective on Brain Death
      Lingering Questions about Brain Death
      Definition or Permission?
      Help or Harm?
      Event or Process?
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Man Who Woke Up After Nineteen Years / Terry Wallis
      Baby Theresa
      In the Conservatorship of Wendland
      References
      ch. 18 Conceptual Issues in Suicide and Euthanasia
      Assisted Death of Piergiorgio Welby
      Suicide: The Problem of Definition
      Self-Sacrificial Deaths
      Coerced Deaths
      Euthanasia
      Definition: Narrow and Broad Interpretations
      Killing vs. Allowing to Die
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Suicide Tourists
      Distinction with or without a Difference?
      Voluntary and Nonvoluntary Decisions
      Voluntary Decisions
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      "Compassionate Murder" in Canada
      Nonvoluntary Decisions
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Life-Sustaining Treatments and Vegetative State / Pope John Paul II
      Boston Declaration on Assisted Dying
      Barney Clark's Key
      References
      ch. 19 Suicide in the West: A Brief History
      Suicide of Isadore Millstone
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Al-Qaida and Suicide Terrorism
      Suicide as an Offense to God, Neighbor, Self: Plato and Aristotle
      Suicide as a Rational Act: The Stoics
      Suicide as Sinful: Augustine and Aquinas
      Suicide as Beneficial to Self and Others: Hume
      On Suicide
      Suicide as Violating Moral Responsibility: Kant
      Argument from Free Will
      Argument from Human Nature
      Argument from Autonomy
      Argument from Divine Will
      Suicide as a Social Utility: Bentham and Mill
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Field of Tears in South Korea
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      "Rational" Suicide of Carolyn Heilbrun
      Final Exit Network
      Suicide of Garrett Hardin
      References
      ch. 20 Assisted Death Debate I: Individual Morality
      Assisted Death of Velma Howard
      Principles
      Utility/Happiness
      Respect for Persons
      Divine Command
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Englaro Case Tears Italy Apart
      Virtue
      Roles and Professions
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Groningen Protocol
      Cases and Controversies
      Coup de Grace
      Mercy Killing When Disaster Strikes / Hurricane Katrina
      Does Responsible Care Include Assisted Dying?
      References
      ch. 21 Assisted Death Debate II: Social Policy and Law
      Final Campaign of Booth Gardner
      Individual Rights
      Human or Moral Rights
      Welfare Rights
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      YouTube Plea from Australia
      Equality
      Disparate Impact
      General Welfare
      State Paternalism
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      World Legal Opinion on Assisted Death
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Oregon's Death with Dignity Act
      Dying and the War on Drugs
      Baxter v. Montana
      "Euthanasia Underground"
      References
      ch. 22 Rationing Health Care at the End of Life
      Death of Barbara Wagner
      Health Care Rationing
      Arguments for Age-Based Rationing
      Fair Innings Argument
      Prudential Lifespan Account
      Arguments Against Age-Based Rationing
      High Cost of End-of-Life Care
      Rationing by Medical Futility
      Physician Beneficence vs. Patient Autonomy
      Arguments for a Judgment of Futility
      Professionalism
      Responsible Stewardship
      Arguments Against a Judgment of Futility
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      QALY in the UK
      No Consensus about the Definition of Futility
      Uncertain Prognoses/Mistaken Diagnoses
      Social Contract
      Conclusions
      Cases and Controversies
      Case of Helga Wanglie
      Gilgunn-Massachusetts General Hospital
      Death of Toddler Emilio Gonzales
      References
      Conclusion: Bioethics, Religion, and Liberal Democracy
      Religious vs. Secular Bioethics
      Liberal Democacy
      Rethinking the "Jeffersonian Compromise"
      Unprovable First Principles of All Worldviews
      Double Standard
      No Common Ground for Dialogue
      Toward an Overlapping Consensus
      Bioethics Across Cultures
      Cross-Cultural International Bioethics
      Religion in Public Bioethics
      Cases and Controversies
      Battle Over Bioethics
      References.
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