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    Plasma medicine / Alexander Fridman and Gary Friedman.

    • Title:Plasma medicine / Alexander Fridman and Gary Friedman.
    •    
    • Author/Creator:Fridman, Alexander A., 1953-
    • Other Contributors/Collections:Friedman, Gary (Gary G.)
    • Published/Created:Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley, 2013.
    • Holdings

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Biomedical engineering.
    • Medical Subjects: Biomedical Engineering.
      Plasma Gases--therapeutic use.
      Plasma Gases--pharmacology.
      Wound Healing.
    • Description:xvi, 504 pages, [32] pages of plates : illustrations (some color) ; 25 cm
    • Summary:"This comprehensive text is suitable for researchers and graduate students of a 'hot' new topic in medical physics. Written by the world's leading experts, this book aims to present recent developments in plasma medicine, both technological and scientific, reviewed in a fashion accessible to the highly interdisciplinary audience consisting of doctors, physicists, biologists, chemists and other scientists, university students and professors, engineers and medical practitioners.The book focuses on major topics and covers the physics required to develop novel plasma discharges relevant for medical applications, the medicine to apply the technology not only in-vitro but also in-vivo testing and the biology to understand complicated bio-chemical processes involved in plasma interaction with living tissues"--Provided by publisher.
    • Notes:Includes bibliographical references and index.
    • ISBN:9780470689707 (hardback)
      0470689706 (hardback)
      9780470689691 (pbk.)
      0470689692 (pbk.)
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction to Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Plasma Medicine
      1.1. Plasma medicine as a novel branch of medical technology
      1.2. Why plasma can be a useful tool in medicine
      1.3. Natural and man-made, completely and weakly ionized plasmas
      1.4. Plasma as a non-equilibrium multi-temperature system
      1.5. Gas discharges as plasma sources for biology and medicine
      1.6. Plasma chemistry as the fundamental basis of plasma medicine
      1.7. Non-thermal plasma interaction with cells and living tissues
      1.8. Applied plasma medicine
      2. Fundamentals of Plasma Physics and Plasma Chemistry for Biological and Medical Applications
      2.1. Elementary plasma generation processes
      2.1.1. Classification of ionization processes
      2.1.2. Direct and stepwise ionization by electron impact
      2.1.3. Other ionization mechanisms in plasma-medical discharges
      2.1.4. Mechanisms of electron-ion recombination in plasma
      2.1.5. Elementary processes of negative ions in plasma-medical systems: Electron attachment and detachment
      2.1.6. Heterogeneous ionization processes, electron emission mechanisms
      2.2. Excited species in plasma medicine: Excitation, relaxation and dissociation of neutral particles in plasma
      2.2.1. Vibrational excitation of molecules by electron impact
      2.2.2. Rotational and electronic excitation of molecules by electron impact
      2.2.3. Plasma generation of atoms and radicals: Dissociation of molecules by electron impact
      2.2.4. Distribution of non-thermal plasma discharge energy between different channels of excitation of atoms and molecules
      2.2.5. Relaxation of plasma-excited species: Vibrational-translational (VT) relaxation
      2.2.6. Vibrational energy transfer between molecules: VV-relaxation
      2.2.7. Relaxation of rotational and electronic excitation in plasma-medical systems
      2.3. Elementary plasma-chemical reactions of excited neutrals and ions
      2.3.1. Rate coefficient of reactions of excited molecules in plasma
      2.3.2. Efficiency a of excitation energy in overcoming activation energy of chemical reactions of plasma-generated active species
      2.3.3. Fridman-Macheret a-model for chemical reactions of plasma-generated active species
      2.3.4. Ion-molecular polarization collisions and reactions in plasma
      2.3.5. Ion-molecular chemical reactions of positive and negative ions
      2.4. Plasma statistics, thermodynamics, and transfer processes
      2.4.1. Statistical distributions in plasma: Boltzmann distribution function, Saha equation, and dissociation equilibrium
      2.4.2. Complete and local thermodynamic equilibrium in plasma
      2.4.3. Thermodynamic functions of quasi-equilibrium thermal plasma systems
      2.4.4. Non-equilibrium statistics of thermal and non-thermal plasmas
      2.4.5. Non-equilibrium statistics of vibrationally excited molecules in plasma and Treanor distribution
      2.4.6. Transfer processes in plasma: Electron and ion drift
      2.4.7. Transfer processes in plasma: Diffusion of electrons and ions
      2.4.8. Transfer processes in plasma: Thermal conductivity
      2.4.9. Radiation energy transfer in plasma
      2.5. Plasma kinetics: Energy distribution functions of electrons and excited atoms and molecules
      2.5.1. Electron energy distribution functions (EEDF) in plasma: Fokker-Planck kinetic equation
      2.5.2. Relation between electron temperature and the reduced electric field
      2.5.3. Non-equilibrium vibrational distribution functions of plasma-excited molecules, Fokker-Plank kinetic equation
      2.5.4. Vibrational distribution functions of excited molecules in plasma controlled by VV-exchange and VT-relaxation processes
      2.5.5. Kinetics of population of electronically excited states in plasma
      2.5.6. Macrokinetics of chemical reactions of vibrationally excited molecules
      2.6. Plasma electrodynamics
      2.6.1. Ideal and non-ideal plasmas
      2.6.2. Plasma polarization, Debye shielding of electric field in plasma
      2.6.3. Plasmas and sheaths
      2.6.4. Electrostatic plasma oscillations, Langmuir plasma frequency
      2.6.5. Penetration of slow-changing fields into plasma: Skin-effect in plasma
      2.6.6. Plasma magneto-hydrodynamics: Generalized Ohm's law, Alfven velocity and magnetic Reynolds' number
      2.6.7. High-frequency conductivity and dielectric permittivity of plasma
      2.6.8. Propagation of electromagnetic waves in plasma
      2.6.9. Plasma absorption and reflection of electromagnetic waves: Bouguer law and critical electron density
      3. Selected Concepts in Biology and Medicine for Physical Scientists
      3.1. Molecular basis of life: Organic molecules primer
      3.1.1. Essential primer on bonds and organic molecules
      3.1.2. Main classes of organic molecules in living systems
      3.2. Function and classification of living forms
      3.2.1. What is life: Functionality of living forms
      3.2.2. Major classification of living forms
      3.3. Cells: Organization and functions
      3.3.1. Primary cell components
      3.3.2. Transport across cell membranes
      3.3.3. Cell cycle and cell division
      3.3.4. Cellular metabolism
      3.3.5. Reactive species in cells and living organisms
      3.4. Overview of anatomy and physiology
      3.4.1. Tissues
      3.4.2. body covering: The integumentary system
      3.4.3. Circulatory system
      3.4.4. Immune system
      3.4.5. Digestive system
      3.4.6. nervous system
      3.4.7. endocrine system
      3.4.8. muscular and skeletal systems
      3.4.9. respiratory system
      3.4.10. excretory system
      4. Major Plasma Disharges and their Applicability for Plasma Medicine
      4.1. Electric breakdown and steady-state regimes of non-equilibrium plasma discharges
      4.1.1. Townsend mechanism of electric breakdown, Paschen curves
      4.1.2. Streamer or spark breakdown mechanism
      4.1.3. Meek criterion of streamer formation and streamer propagation models
      4.1.4. Streamers and microdischarges
      4.1.5. Interaction of streamers and microdischarges
      4.1.6. Steady-state regimes of non-equilibrium electric discharges
      4.1.7. Discharge regime controlled by electron-ion recombination
      4.1.8. Discharge regime controlled by electron attachment
      4.1.9. Non-thermal discharge regime controlled by diffusion of charged particles to the walls
      4.2. Glow discharge and its application to biology and medicine
      4.2.1. Glow discharge structure
      4.2.2. Current-voltage characteristics of DC discharges
      4.2.3. Townsend dark discharge
      4.2.4. Current-voltage characteristics of the cathode layer
      4.2.5. Abnormal, subnormal and obstructed regimes of glow discharges
      4.2.6. Positive column of glow discharge
      4.2.7. Atmospheric pressure glow discharges and applications in plasma medicine
      4.2.8. Resistive barrier discharge (RBD) as modification of APG discharges
      4.2.9. Atmospheric pressure micro glow-discharges
      4.2.10. Hollow-cathode glow discharge and hollow-cathode APG microplasma
      4.3. Arc discharge and its medical applications
      4.3.1. Major types of arc discharges
      4.3.2. Cathode and anode layers of arc discharges and spots
      4.3.3. Positive column of high-pressure arcs
      4.3.4. Steenbeck - Raizer `channel' model of positive column of arc discharges
      4.3.5. Configurations of arc discharges and their applicability to plasma medicine
      4.3.6. Gliding arc discharge as a powerful source of non-equilibrium plasma
      4.4. Radio-frequency and microwave discharges in plasma medicine
      4.4.1. Generation of thermal plasma in radio-frequency discharges
      4.4.2. Atmospheric-pressure microwave discharges and their biomedical applications
      4.4.3. Non-thermal RF discharges: CCP and ICP coupling
      4.4.4. Non-thermal RF-CCP discharges at moderate pressure regime
      4.4.5. Low-pressure CCP RF discharges
      4.4.6. Low-pressure RF magnetron discharges for surface treatment
      4.4.7. Low-pressure non-thermal ICP RF discharges in cylindrical coil
      4.4.8. Planar-coil and other configurations of low-pressure non-thermal RF-ICP discharges
      4.4.9. Non-thermal RF atmospheric pressure plasma jets as surface-treatment device
      4.4.10. Atmospheric-pressure non-thermal RF plasma microdischarges: Plasma needle
      4.4.11. Non-thermal low-pressure microwave and other wave-heated discharges
      4.4.12. Non-equilibrium microwave discharges of moderate and elevated pressures: Energy-efficient plasma source of chemically active species
      4.5. Coronas, DBDs, plasma jets, sparks and other non-thermal atmospheric-pressure streamer discharges
      4.5.1. Corona and pulsed corona discharges
      4.5.2. Dielectric-barrier discharges (DBDs)
      4.5.3. Special modifications of DBD: Surface, asymmetric, packed bed and ferroelectric discharges
      4.5.4. OAUGDP as quasi-homogeneous DBD (APG) modification
      4.5.5. Electronically stabilized DBD in APG discharge mode
      4.5.6. Arrays of DBD-based microdischarges and kilohertz-frequency microdischarges
      4.5.7. Floating-electrode dielectric barrier discharge (FE-DBD)
      4.5.8. Micro- and nanosecond pulsed uniform FE-DBD plasma
      4.5.9. Spark discharges
      4.5.10. Pin-to-hole spark discharge (PHD), thermal microplasma source-generating ROS and NO for medical applications
      4.5.11. Atmospheric-pressure cold helium microplasma jets and plasma bullets
      4.5.12. Propagation of plasma bullets in long dielectric tubes and splitting and mixing of plasma bullets
      4.6. Discharges in liquids
      4.6.1. General features of electrical discharges in liquids in relation to their biomedical applications
      4.6.2. Mechanisms and characteristics of plasma discharges in water
      Contents note continued: 4.6.3. Physical kinetics of water breakdown: Thermal breakdown mechanism
      4.6.4. Non-thermal short pulse electrostatic (electrostriction) water breakdown
      4.6.5. Nanosecond pulse breakdown and plasma generation in liquid water without bubbles
      4.6.6. Nanosecond-pulse uniform cold plasma in liquid water without bubbles: Analysis and perspectives for biomedical applications
      5. Mechanisms of Plasma Interactions with Cells
      5.1. Main interaction stages and key players
      5.2. Role of plasma electrons and ions
      5.2.1. Selection of biological targets and plasma generation methods
      5.2.2. Comparison of direct DBD plasma treatment to indirect treatment with and without ion flux
      5.2.3. Effect of gas composition on antibacterial efficacy of direct DBD
      5.2.4. Effect of positive and negative ions in nitrogen corona discharge
      5.3. Role of UV, hydrogen peroxide, ozone and water
      5.3.1. Effect of UV in DBD treatment
      5.3.2. Effect of hydrogen peroxide
      5.3.3. Effect of ozone
      5.3.4. Effects of water and its amount
      5.4. Biological mechanisms of plasma interaction for mammalian cells
      5.4.1. Intracellular ROS as key mediators of plasma interaction with mammalian cells
      5.4.2. DNA damage and repair as a consequence of DBD plasma treatment
      5.4.3. Effect of the cell medium in plasma interaction with mammalian cells
      5.4.4. Crossing the cell membrane
      6. Plasma Sterilization of Different Surfaces and Living Tissues
      6.1. Non-thermal plasma surface sterilization at low pressures
      6.1.1. Direct application of low-pressure plasma for biological sterilization
      6.1.2. Effect of low-pressure plasma afterglow on bacteria deactivation
      6.2. Surface microorganism inactivation by non-equilibrium high-pressure plasma
      6.2.1. Features of atmospheric-pressure air plasma sterilization
      6.2.2. Kinetics of atmospheric-pressure plasma sterilization
      6.2.3. Cold plasma inactivation of spores: Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)
      6.2.4. Atmospheric-pressure air DBD plasma inactivation of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis spores
      6.2.5. Decontamination of surfaces from extremophile organisms using non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma
      6.2.6. Plasma sterilization of contaminated surgical instruments: Prion proteins
      6.3. Plasma species and factors active for sterilization
      6.3.1. Direct effect of charged particles in plasma sterilization
      6.3.2. Biochemical effect of plasma-generated electrons in plasma sterilization
      6.3.3. Bio-chemical effect of plasma-generated negative and positive ions
      6.3.4. Sterilization effect of ion bombardment
      6.3.5. Sterilization effect of electric fields related to charged plasma particles
      6.3.6. Effect of plasma-generated active neutrals: ROS and RNS
      6.3.7. Effect of plasma-generated active neutrals: OH-radicals and ozone
      6.3.8. Effects of plasma-generated active neutrals: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
      6.3.9. Contribution of plasma-generated heat and temperature to plasma sterilization
      6.3.10. Effect of UV radiation
      6.4. Physical and biochemical effects of atmospheric-pressure air plasma on microorganisms
      6.4.1. Direct and indirect effects of non-thermal plasma on bacteria
      6.4.2. FE-DBD experiments demonstrating higher effectiveness of direct plasma treatment
      6.4.3. Surface versus penetrative plasma sterilization
      6.4.4. Apoptosis versus necrosis
      6.5. Animal and human living tissue sterilization
      6.5.1. Direct FE-DBD for living tissue treatment
      6.5.2. Direct FE-DBD plasma source for living tissue sterilization
      6.5.3. Toxicity (non-damaging) analysis of direct plasma treatment of living tissue
      6.6. Generated active species and plasma sterilization of living tissues
      6.6.1. Physico-chemical in vitro tissue model: Production and delivery in tissue of active species generated in plasma
      6.6.2. FE-DBD plasma system for analysis of deep tissue penetration of plasma-generated active species
      6.6.3. Deep tissue penetration of plasma-generated active species
      6.7. Deactivation/destruction of microorganisms due to plasma sterilization: Are they dead or just scared to death?
      6.7.1. Biological responses of Bacillus stratosphericus to FE-DBD plasma treatment
      6.7.2. FE-DBD plasma treatment of Bacillus stratosphericus
      6.7.3. Analysis of deactivation/destruction of Bacillus stratosphericus due to non-thermal plasma sterilization
      6.7.4. Bottom line for plasma physicists: Plasma sterilization can lead to VBNC state of microorganisms
      7. Plasma Decontamination of Water and Air Streams
      7.1. Non-thermal plasma sterilization of air streams
      7.1.1. Direct sterilization versus application of filters
      7.1.2. Pathogen detection and remediation facility
      7.1.3. dielectric barrier grating discharge (DBGD) applied in the PDRF
      7.1.4. Rapid and direct plasma deactivation of airborne bacteria in the PDRF
      7.1.5. Phenomenological kinetic model of non-thermal plasma sterilization of air streams
      7.1.6. Kinetics and mechanisms of rapid plasma deactivation of airborne bacteria at the PDRF
      7.2. Direct and indirect effects in non-thermal plasma deactivation of airborne bacteria
      7.2.1. Major sterilization factors
      7.2.2. PDRF: experimental procedure
      7.2.3. PDRF: experimental results
      7.3. Non-thermal plasma in air-decontamination: Air cleaning from SO2 and NOx
      7.3.1. Plasma cleaning of industrial SO2 emissions
      7.3.2. SO1 oxidation to SO3 using relativistic electron beams
      7.3.3. SO2 oxidation to SO3 using continuous and pulsed corona discharges
      7.3.4. Plasma-stimulated liquid-phase chain oxidation of SO2 in droplets
      7.3.5. Plasma-catalytic chain oxidation of SO2 in clusters
      7.3.6. Simplified mechanism and energy balance of the plasma-catalytic chain oxidation of SO2 in clusters
      7.3.7. Plasma-stimulated combined oxidation of NOx and SO2 in air; simultaneous industrial exhaust gas cleaning from nitrogen and sulfur oxides
      7.4. Non-thermal plasma decontamination of air from volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions
      7.4.1. General features of non-thermal plasma treatment of VOC emissions in air
      7.4.2. Mechanisms and energy balance of treatment of VOC exhaust gases from paper mills and wood processing plants
      7.4.3. Removal of acetone and methanol from air using pulsed corona discharge
      7.4.4. Removal of dimethyl sulfide from air using pulsed corona discharge
      7.4.5. Removal of a-pinene from air using pulsed corona discharge
      7.4.6. Treatment of paper mill exhaust gases using wet pulsed corona discharge
      7.4.7. Non-thermal plasma decontamination of diluted large-volume emissions of chlorine-containing VOC
      7.4.8. Non-thermal plasma removal of elemental mercury from coal-fired power plants and other industrial air-based off-gases
      7.4.9. Mechanism of non-thermal plasma removal of elemental mercury from air streams
      7.5. Plasma desinfection and sterilization of water
      7.5.1. Plasma water disinfection using UV-radiation, ozone and pulsed electric fields
      7.5.2. Applications of pulsed plasma discharges for water treatment
      7.5.3. Energy-effective water treatment using pulsed spark discharges
      7.5.4. Characterization of the pulsed spark discharge system applied for energy-effective water sterilization
      7.5.5. Analysis of D-value and role of UV radiation in inactivation of microorganisms in water
      8. Plasma Treatment of Blood
      8.1. Plasma-assisted blood coagulation
      8.1.1. General features of plasma-assisted blood coagulation
      8.1.2. Experiments with non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma-assisted in vitro blood coagulation
      8.1.3. In-vivo blood coagulation using FE-DBD plasma
      8.1.4. Mechanisms of non-thermal plasma-assisted blood coagulation
      8.1.5. Influence of protein activity
      8.2. Effect of non-thermal plasma on improvement of rheological properties of blood
      8.2.1. Control of low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and blood viscosity
      8.2.2. Plasma-medical system for DBD plasma control of blood properties
      8.2.3. DBD plasma control of whole blood viscosity (WBV)
      8.2.4. DBD plasma effect on improvement of rheological properties of blood
      9. Plasma-assisted Healing and Treatment of Diseases
      9.1. Wound healing and plasma treatment of wounds
      9.1.1. Wounds and healing processes
      9.1.2. Treatment of wounds using thermal and nitric-oxide-producing plasmas
      9.1.3. Experience with other thermal discharges
      9.2. Treatment of inflammatory dysfunctions
      9.2.1. Examples of anti-inflammatory treatment by Plazon
      9.2.2. Pin-to-hole microdischarge for ulcerative colitis treatment
      9.3. Plasma treatment of cancer
      9.3.1. Observations of cultured malignant cells
      9.3.2. Non-thermal plasma treatment of explanted tumors in animal models
      9.4. Plasma applications in dentistry
      9.4.1. Brief overview of structure of teeth and dental health
      9.4.2. Recent promising results of plasma applications in dentistry
      9.5. Plasma surgery
      10. Plasma Pharmacology
      10.1. Non-thermal plasma treatment of water
      10.2. Deionized water treatment with DBD in different gases: Experimental setup
      10.2.1. Changing the working gas and sample degassing
      10.3. Deionized water treatment with DBD in different gases: Results and discussion
      10.4. Enhanced antimicrobial effect due to organic components dissolved in water
      10.4.1. Setup and sample preparation
      10.4.2. Comparison of DBD treated water, PBS and NAC solutions
      10.5. Summary
      Contents note continued: 11. Plasma-assisted Tissue Engineering and Plasma Processing of Polymers
      11.1. Regulation of biological properties of medical polymer materials
      11.1.1. Tissue engineering and plasma control of biological properties of medical polymers
      11.1.2. Wettability or hydrophilicity of medical polymer surfaces for biocompatibility
      11.2. Plasma-assisted cell attachment and proliferation on polymer scaffolds
      11.2.1. Attachment and proliferation of bone cells on polymer scaffolds
      11.2.2. DBD plasma effect on attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts cultured over PCL scaffolds
      11.3. Plasma-assisted tissue engineering in control of stem cells and tissue regeneration
      11.3.1. About plasma-assisted tissue regeneration
      11.3.2. Control of stem cell behavior on non-thermal plasma-modified polymer surfaces
      11.3.3. Plasma-assisted bioactive liquid micro-xerography
      11.4. Plasma-chemical polymerization of hydrocarbons and formation of thin polymer films
      11.4.1. Biological and medical applications of plasma polymerization
      11.4.2. Mechanisms and kinetics of plasma polymerization
      11.4.3. Initiation of polymerization by dissociation of hydrocarbons in plasma volume
      11.4.4. Heterogeneous mechanisms of plasma-chemical polymerization of C1/C2 hydrocarbons
      11.4.5. Plasma-initiated chain polymerization: Mechanisms of plasma polymerization of MMA
      11.4.6. Plasma-initiated graft polymerization
      11.4.7. Formation of polymer macro-particles in non-thermal plasma in hydrocarbons
      11.4.8. Specific properties of plasma-polymerized films
      11.4.9. Electric properties of plasma-polymerized films
      11.5. Interaction of non-thermal plasma with polymer surfaces
      11.5.1. Plasma treatment of polymer surfaces
      11.5.2. Major initial chemical products created on polymer surfaces during non-thermal plasma interaction
      11.5.3. Formation kinetics of main chemical products in pulsed RF treatment of PE
      11.5.4. Kinetics of PE treatment in continuous RF discharge
      11.5.5. Non-thermal plasma etching of polymer materials
      11.5.6. Contribution of electrons and UV radiation in plasma treatment of polymer materials
      11.5.7. Interaction of chemically active heavy particles generated in non-thermal plasma with polymer materials
      11.5.8. Synergetic effect of plasma-generated active particles and UV radiation with polymers
      11.5.9. Aging effect in plasma-treated polymers
      11.5.10. Plasma modification of wettability of polymer surfaces
      11.5.11. Plasma enhancement of adhesion of polymer surfaces
      11.5.12. Plasma modification of polymer fibers and polymer membranes.
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