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    An introduction to orthodontics / Laura Mitchell ; with contributions from Simon J. Littlewood, Zararna L. Nelson-Moon, Fiona Dyer.

    • Title:An introduction to orthodontics / Laura Mitchell ; with contributions from Simon J. Littlewood, Zararna L. Nelson-Moon, Fiona Dyer.
    •    
    • Variant Title:Orthodontics
    • Author/Creator:Mitchell, Laura, 1958-
    • Other Contributors/Collections:Littlewood, Simon J.
      Nelson-Moon, Zararna.
      Dyer, Fiona.
    • Published/Created:Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013.
    • Holdings

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Orthodontics.
    • Medical Subjects: Orthodontics.
    • Edition:4th ed.
    • Description:xiii, 311 pages : illustrations (chiefly color) ; 28 cm
    • Summary:Providing an introduction to current thinking and practice in orthodontics, this text covers all aspects of the field, including clinical practice and treatment planning.
    • Notes:Previous ed.: 2007.
      Includes bibliographical references and index.
    • ISBN:9780199594719 (pbk.)
      0199594716 (pbk.)
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: 1. rationale for orthodontic treatment
      1.1. Definition
      1.2. Prevalence of malocclusion
      1.3. Need for treatment
      1.4. Demand for treatment
      1.5. disadvantages and potential risks of orthodontic treatment
      1.6. effectiveness of treatment
      1.7. temporomandibular joint and orthodontics
      2. aetiology and classification of malocclusion
      2.1. aetiology of malocclusion
      2.2. Classifying malocclusion
      2.3. Commonly used classifications and indices
      2.4. Andrews' six keys
      3. Management of the developing dentition
      3.1. Normal dental development
      3.2. Abnormalities of eruption and exfoliation
      3.3. Mixed dentition problems
      3.4. Planned extraction of deciduous teeth
      3.5. What to refer and when
      4. Craniofacial growth, the cellular basis of tooth movement and anchorage (Z. L. Nelson-Moon)
      4.1. Introduction
      4.2. Craniofacial embryology
      4.3. Mechanisms of bone growth
      4.4. Postnatal craniofacial growth
      4.5. Growth rotations
      4.6. Craniofacial growth in the adult
      4.7. Growth of the soft tissues
      4.8. Control of craniofacial growth
      4.9. Growth prediction
      4.10. Biology of tooth movement
      4.11. Cellular events associated with loss of anchorage
      4.12. Cellular events during root resorption
      4.13. Summary
      5. Orthodontic assessment (S. J. Littlewood)
      5.1. Introduction to orthodontic assessment
      5.2. Taking an orthodontic history
      5.3. Clinical examination in three dimensions
      5.4. Extra-oral examination
      5.5. Intra-oral examination
      5.6. Diagnostic records
      5.7. Forming a problem list
      6. Cephalometrics
      6.1. cephalostat
      6.2. Indications for cephalometric evaluation
      6.3. Evaluating a cephalometric radiograph
      6.4. Cephalometric analysis: general points
      6.5. Commonly used cephalometric points and reference lines
      6.6. Anteroposterior skeletal pattern
      6.7. Vertical skeletal pattern
      6.8. Incisor position
      6.9. Soft tissue analysis
      6.10. Assessing growth and treatment changes
      6.11. Cephalometric errors
      6.12. 3D Cephalometric analysis
      7. Treatment planning (S.J. Littlewood)
      7.1. Introduction
      7.2. General objectives of orthodontic treatment
      7.3. Forming an orthodontic problem list
      7.4. Aims of orthodontic treatment
      7.5. Skeletal problems and treatment planning
      7.6. Basic principles in orthodontic treatment planning
      7.7. Space analysis
      7.8. Informed consent and the orthodontic treatment plan
      7.9. Conclusions
      8. Class I
      8.1. Aetiology
      8.2. Crowding
      8.3. Spacing
      8.4. Displaced teeth
      8.5. Vertical discrepancies
      8.6. Transverse discrepancies
      8.7. Bimaxillary proclination
      9. Class II division 1
      9.1. Aetiology
      9.2. Occlusal features
      9.3. Assessment of and treatment planning in Class II division 1 malocclusions
      9.4. Early treatment
      9.5. Management of an increased overjet associated with a Class I or mild Class II skeletal pattern
      9.6. Management of an increased overjet associated with a moderate to severe Class II skeletal pattern
      9.7. Retention
      10. Class II division 2
      10.1. Aetiology
      10.2. Occlusal features
      10.3. Management
      11. Class III
      11.1. Aetiology
      11.2. Occlusal features
      11.3. Treatment planning in Class III malocclusions
      11.4. Treatment options
      12. Anterior open bite and posterior open bite
      12.1. Definitions
      12.2. Aetiology of anterior open bite
      12.3. Management of anterior open bite
      12.4. Posterior open bite
      13. Crossbites
      13.1. Definitions
      13.2. Aetiology
      13.3. Types of crossbite
      13.4. Management
      14. Canines
      14.1. Facts and figures
      14.2. Normal development
      14.3. Aetiology of maxillary canine displacement
      14.4. Interception of displaced canines
      14.5. Assessing maxillary canine position
      14.6. Management of buccal displacement
      14.7. Managementof palatal displacement
      14.8. Resorption
      14.9. Transposition
      15. Anchorage planning (F. Dyer)
      15.1. Introduction
      15.2. Assessing anchorage requirements
      15.3. Classification of anchorage
      15.4. Intra-oral anchorage
      15.5. Extra-oral anchorage
      15.6. Monitoring anchorage during treatment
      15.7. Common problems with anchorage
      15.8. Summary
      16. Retention (S. J. Littlewood)
      16.1. Introduction
      16.2. Definition of relapse
      16.3. Aetiology of relapse
      16.4. How common is relapse?
      16.5. Informed consent and relapse
      16.6. Retainers
      16.7. Adjunctive techniques used to reduce relapse
      16.8. Conclusions about retention
      17. Removable appliances
      17.1. Mode of action of removable appliances
      17.2. Designing removable appliances
      17.3. Active components
      17.4. Retaining the appliance
      17.5. Baseplate
      17.6. Commonly used removable appliances
      17.7. Fitting a removable appliance
      17.8. Monitoring progress
      17.9. Appliance repairs
      18. Fixed appliances
      18.1. Principles of fixed appliances
      18.2. Indications for the use of fixed appliances
      18.3. Components of fixed appliances
      18.4. Treatment planning for fixed appliances
      18.5. Practical procedures
      18.6. Fixed appliance systems
      18.7. Demineralization and fixed appliances
      18.8. Starting with fixed appliances
      19. Functional appliances (S.J. Littlewood)
      19.1. Definition
      19.2. History
      19.3. Overview
      19.4. Case study functional appliance
      19.5. Timing of treatment
      19.6. Types of malocclusion treated with functional appliances
      19.7. Types of functional appliance
      19.8. Clinical management of functional appliances
      19.9. How functional appliances work
      19.10. How successful are functional appliances?
      20. Adult orthodontics (S. J. Littlewood)
      20.1. Introduction
      20.2. Specific problems in adult orthodontic treatment
      20.3. Orthodontics and periodontal disease
      20.4. Orthodontic treatment as an adjunct to restorative work
      20.5. Aesthetic orthodontic appliances
      20.6. Obstructive sleep apnoea and mandibular advancement splints
      21. Orthodontics and orthognathic surgery (S. J. Littlewood)
      21.1. Introduction
      21.2. Indications for treatment
      21.3. Objectives of combined orthodontics and orthognathic surgery
      21.4. importance of the soft tissues
      21.5. Diagnosis and treatment plan
      21.6. Planning
      21.7. Common surgical procedures
      21.8. Sequence of treatment
      21.9. Retention and relapse
      21.10. Future developments in orthognathic surgery: 3D surgical simulation
      22. Cleft lip and palate and other craniofacial anomalies
      22.1. Prevalence
      22.2. Aetiology
      22.3. Classification
      22.4. Problems in management
      22.5. Co-ordination of care
      22.6. Management
      22.7. Audit of cleft palate care
      22.8. Other craniofacial anomalies
      23. Orthodontic first aid
      23.1. Fixed appliance
      23.2. Removable appliance
      23.3. Functional appliance
      23.4. Headgear
      23.5. Miscellaneous.
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