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    Interpreting quantitative data with IBM SPSS statistics / Rachad Antonius.

    • Title:Interpreting quantitative data with IBM SPSS statistics / Rachad Antonius.
    •    
    • Author/Creator:Antonius, Rachad, 1947-
    • Published/Created:London ; Thousand Oaks, Calif. : SAGE, 2013.
    • Holdings

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Social sciences--Research--Methodology.
      Social sciences--Statistical methods.
    • Subject(s):SPSS (Computer file)
    • Edition:2nd ed.
    • Description:xxvi, 343 p. : ill. ; 24 cm
    • Notes:Previous ed.: 2003.
      Includes bibliographical references and index.
    • ISBN:9781446207420 (hardback)
      1446207420 (hardback)
      9781446207437 (pbk.)
      1446207439 (pbk.)
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: pt. I INTRODUCTION TO QUANTITATIVE METHODS
      1. basic language of statistics
      Introduction: Social sciences and quantitative methods
      Data files
      discipline of statistics
      Populations, samples, and units
      Descriptive statistics
      Inferential statistics
      Variables and measurement
      Importance of the level of measurement
      Concepts, dimensions, and indicators
      Validity and reliability
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      SPSS tutorial: Getting started with SPSS
      2. research process
      Main steps in social research
      research object
      Examining the problematics of the issue
      general research question
      literature review
      theoretical framework and the specific research question
      research hypothesis
      research design
      Data collection
      Data analysis
      Interpretation of results
      General conclusions and further questions
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      SPSS tutorial: Becoming familiar with SPSS
      pt. II DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
      3. Univariate descriptive statistics
      Introduction
      Measures of central tendency
      For qualitative variables
      For quantitative variables
      Measures of dispersion
      For qualitative variables
      For quantitative variables
      Measures of position
      Other measures
      Ratios
      Percentages and proportions
      Methodological issues
      definition of the categories over which the counting is done
      Outliers
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      SPSS tutorial: Exploring descriptive statistics
      4. Graphical representations
      Introduction
      Bar charts
      Pie charts
      Histograms
      Area as a measure of the proportion of data
      Drawing a histogram manually
      Frequency polygons and density curves
      Histogram or bar chart?
      Box plots
      Line charts
      Stem-and-leaf plots
      Scatter diagrams
      general shape of a distribution
      Symmetry
      Kurtosis
      Summary
      Key words
      SPSS tutorial
      Bar charts
      Pie charts
      Histograms
      Box plots
      pt. III METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS
      5. Creating new variables with SPSS
      Main commands for creating variables in SPSS
      COMPUTE command
      RECODE command
      Select Cases submenu
      SORT Cases command
      Aggregate procedure
      Getting help in SPSS
      Summary
      Key words
      SPSS exercises and tutorial
      6. Normal distributions and sampling distributions
      Introduction
      Properties of normal distributions
      Areas under the curve, proportions of data, and percentages of data
      Using the table of areas under the normal curve
      Values of z used frequently
      Numerical examples
      Recognizing equivalent statements
      Sampling distributions
      Sampling distribution of the mean
      Sampling distribution of a proportion
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      7. Sampling designs
      Introduction
      Types of samples
      Probabilistic samples
      Non-probabilistic samples
      Errors of measurement
      Errors of observation
      Sampling errors
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      SPSS tutorial
      pt. IV INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
      8. Estimation
      Introduction: Inferential statistics
      logic of estimation: proportions and percentages
      Estimation of a percentage: confidence statements
      Proportions and percentages
      Point estimates and interval estimates
      Formulation of the level of confidence
      Estimation of a mean
      Estimation of a mean: the calculations
      Effect of the sample size on the margin of error
      Calculation of the sample size needed in a survey
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      Interpretation of confidence statements
      Formulation of confidence statements
      SPSS tutorial
      Estimating a mean with SPSS
      Exercises
      Estimating a proportion with SPSS
      9. Hypothesis testing
      Introduction
      logic of hypothesis testing
      detailed procedure for hypothesis testing
      Understanding the probabilities of error
      various forms of the alternative hypothesis
      When are one-tailed tests used?
      Hypothesis testing in statistical software
      t-tests
      uses of hypothesis testing procedures
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      SPSS tutorial
      Performing a one-sample t-test
      pt. V STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
      10. Correlation and the regression line
      Introduction
      Dependent and independent variables
      measure of statistical association between two quantitative variables
      regression line
      Statistically significant correlations
      Interpreting SPSS outputs
      From statistical association to relationship between variables
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      SPSS tutorial
      Correlate procedure
      Regression procedure
      scatter diagram and the line of regression
      11. Two-way tables and the chi-squared test
      Introduction
      definition of statistical association for categorical variables
      chi-squared statistic (X2)
      Chi-squared as a test of association between two nominal variables
      Measures of the strength of the association based on chi-squared
      Other measures of association for two-way tables
      odds ratio
      Summary
      Key words
      Exercises
      SPSS tutorial
      12. t-tests and ANOVA
      Introduction
      t-test as a test of statistical association
      analysis of variance
      One-way ANOVA
      Two-way and multi-way ANOVA
      Graphical representations of the various kinds of effects
      Ordinal variables
      Statistical association as a qualitative relationship
      Summary
      Key words
      SPSS tutorial
      APPENDIX I Reporting a quantitative analysis
      Introduction
      How to write a descriptive report
      Basic direct reports
      Analytical descriptive reports
      Reporting an estimate
      Reporting a hypothesis test
      Reporting a statistical association
      Two quantitative variables
      association between a qualitative and a quantitative variable
      Two qualitative variables
      APPENDIX II How to create a data file in SPSS
      APPENDIX III Area under the normal curve
      APPENDIX IV Table of random numbers.
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