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Interpreting quantitative data with IBM SPSS statistics / Rachad Antonius.
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Title:Interpreting quantitative data with IBM SPSS statistics / Rachad Antonius.
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Author/Creator:Antonius, Rachad, 1947-
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Published/Created:London ; Thousand Oaks, Calif. : SAGE, 2013.
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Holdings
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Location:KOERNER LIBRARY stacks (Floor 1)Where is this?
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Call Number: HA32 .A68 2013
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Number of Items:1
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Status:Available
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Location:KOERNER LIBRARY stacks (Floor 1)Where is this?
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Library of Congress Subjects:Social sciences--Research--Methodology.
Social sciences--Statistical methods.
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Subject(s):SPSS (Computer file)
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Edition:2nd ed.
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Description:xxvi, 343 p. : ill. ; 24 cm
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Notes:Previous ed.: 2003.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
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ISBN:9781446207420 (hardback)
1446207420 (hardback)
9781446207437 (pbk.)
1446207439 (pbk.)
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Contents:Machine generated contents note: pt. I INTRODUCTION TO QUANTITATIVE METHODS
1. basic language of statistics
Introduction: Social sciences and quantitative methods
Data files
discipline of statistics
Populations, samples, and units
Descriptive statistics
Inferential statistics
Variables and measurement
Importance of the level of measurement
Concepts, dimensions, and indicators
Validity and reliability
Summary
Key words
Exercises
SPSS tutorial: Getting started with SPSS
2. research process
Main steps in social research
research object
Examining the problematics of the issue
general research question
literature review
theoretical framework and the specific research question
research hypothesis
research design
Data collection
Data analysis
Interpretation of results
General conclusions and further questions
Summary
Key words
Exercises
SPSS tutorial: Becoming familiar with SPSS
pt. II DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
3. Univariate descriptive statistics
Introduction
Measures of central tendency
For qualitative variables
For quantitative variables
Measures of dispersion
For qualitative variables
For quantitative variables
Measures of position
Other measures
Ratios
Percentages and proportions
Methodological issues
definition of the categories over which the counting is done
Outliers
Summary
Key words
Exercises
SPSS tutorial: Exploring descriptive statistics
4. Graphical representations
Introduction
Bar charts
Pie charts
Histograms
Area as a measure of the proportion of data
Drawing a histogram manually
Frequency polygons and density curves
Histogram or bar chart?
Box plots
Line charts
Stem-and-leaf plots
Scatter diagrams
general shape of a distribution
Symmetry
Kurtosis
Summary
Key words
SPSS tutorial
Bar charts
Pie charts
Histograms
Box plots
pt. III METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS
5. Creating new variables with SPSS
Main commands for creating variables in SPSS
COMPUTE command
RECODE command
Select Cases submenu
SORT Cases command
Aggregate procedure
Getting help in SPSS
Summary
Key words
SPSS exercises and tutorial
6. Normal distributions and sampling distributions
Introduction
Properties of normal distributions
Areas under the curve, proportions of data, and percentages of data
Using the table of areas under the normal curve
Values of z used frequently
Numerical examples
Recognizing equivalent statements
Sampling distributions
Sampling distribution of the mean
Sampling distribution of a proportion
Summary
Key words
Exercises
7. Sampling designs
Introduction
Types of samples
Probabilistic samples
Non-probabilistic samples
Errors of measurement
Errors of observation
Sampling errors
Summary
Key words
Exercises
SPSS tutorial
pt. IV INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
8. Estimation
Introduction: Inferential statistics
logic of estimation: proportions and percentages
Estimation of a percentage: confidence statements
Proportions and percentages
Point estimates and interval estimates
Formulation of the level of confidence
Estimation of a mean
Estimation of a mean: the calculations
Effect of the sample size on the margin of error
Calculation of the sample size needed in a survey
Summary
Key words
Exercises
Interpretation of confidence statements
Formulation of confidence statements
SPSS tutorial
Estimating a mean with SPSS
Exercises
Estimating a proportion with SPSS
9. Hypothesis testing
Introduction
logic of hypothesis testing
detailed procedure for hypothesis testing
Understanding the probabilities of error
various forms of the alternative hypothesis
When are one-tailed tests used?
Hypothesis testing in statistical software
t-tests
uses of hypothesis testing procedures
Summary
Key words
Exercises
SPSS tutorial
Performing a one-sample t-test
pt. V STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
10. Correlation and the regression line
Introduction
Dependent and independent variables
measure of statistical association between two quantitative variables
regression line
Statistically significant correlations
Interpreting SPSS outputs
From statistical association to relationship between variables
Summary
Key words
Exercises
SPSS tutorial
Correlate procedure
Regression procedure
scatter diagram and the line of regression
11. Two-way tables and the chi-squared test
Introduction
definition of statistical association for categorical variables
chi-squared statistic (X2)
Chi-squared as a test of association between two nominal variables
Measures of the strength of the association based on chi-squared
Other measures of association for two-way tables
odds ratio
Summary
Key words
Exercises
SPSS tutorial
12. t-tests and ANOVA
Introduction
t-test as a test of statistical association
analysis of variance
One-way ANOVA
Two-way and multi-way ANOVA
Graphical representations of the various kinds of effects
Ordinal variables
Statistical association as a qualitative relationship
Summary
Key words
SPSS tutorial
APPENDIX I Reporting a quantitative analysis
Introduction
How to write a descriptive report
Basic direct reports
Analytical descriptive reports
Reporting an estimate
Reporting a hypothesis test
Reporting a statistical association
Two quantitative variables
association between a qualitative and a quantitative variable
Two qualitative variables
APPENDIX II How to create a data file in SPSS
APPENDIX III Area under the normal curve
APPENDIX IV Table of random numbers.