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    Advanced practice nursing (Hamric)
    Advanced practice nursing : an integrative approach / [edited by] Ann B. Hamric, Charlene M. Hanson, Mary Fran Tracy, Eileen T. O'Grady.

    • Title:[Advanced practice nursing (Hamric)]
      Advanced practice nursing : an integrative approach / [edited by] Ann B. Hamric, Charlene M. Hanson, Mary Fran Tracy, Eileen T. O'Grady.
    •    
    • Other Contributors/Collections:Hamric, Ann B., editor of compilation.
      Hanson, Charlene M., editor of compilation.
      Tracy, Mary Fran, editor of compilation.
      O'Grady, Eileen T., 1963- editor of compilation.
    • Published/Created:St. Louis, Missouri : Elsevier/Saunders, [2014]
    • Holdings

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Nurse practitioners.
      Midwives.
      Nurse anesthetists.
    • Medical Subjects: Advanced Practice Nursing.
    • Edition:5th edition.
    • Description:xxvi, 726 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm
    • Summary:"Addressing all major advanced practice nursing competencies, roles, and issues, Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach, 5th Edition provides a clear, comprehensive, and current introduction to APN today. It applies APN core competencies to the major APN roles - including the burgeoning Nurse Practitioner role - and covers topics ranging from the evolution of APN to evidence-based practice, leadership, ethical decision-making, and health policy. This edition includes a new chapter on the international development of APN, new and enhanced illustrations, and a colorful new reader-friendly format for improved readability. From internationally known APN experts Ann Hamric, Charlene Hanson, Mary Fran Tracy, and Eileen O'Grady, along with a host of internationally recognized APN contributors, Advanced Practice Nursing introduces you to APN and helps you identify an APN role, develop key competencies for that role, and succeed as an APN"--Publisher's website.
    • Notes:Preceded by: Advanced practice nursing. 4th ed. c2009.
      Includes bibliographical references and index.
    • ISBN:9781455739806 (pbk. : alk. paper)
      1455739804 (pbk. : alk. paper)
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: pt. I HISTORICAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING
      1. Brief History of Advanced Practice Nursing in the United States / Arlene W. Keeling
      Nurse Anesthetists
      Anesthesia at Mayo Clinic
      Wartime Opportunities
      Education and Reimbursement
      Nurse-Midwives
      Nurse-Midwifery Education and Organization
      Move Toward Natural Childbirth
      Clinical Nurse Specialists
      Coronary Care Unit: A New Era of Specialization
      Defining the Clinical Nurse Specialist's Role
      Clinical Nurse Specialist Certification, Organization, and Prescriptive Authority
      Nurse Practitioners
      Early Public Health Nurses' Role in Direct Care
      Primary Care in Appalachia
      -the Frontier Nursing Service
      Pediatric Nurse Practitioners Pave the Way
      National Reports and Federal Funding
      Controversy and Support for the Nurse Practitioners' Role
      Growth in Nurse Practitioner Numbers and Expanded Scope of Practice
      Neonatal and Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
      American Association of Colleges of Nursing and the Doctor of Nursing Practice
      Conclusion
      2. Conceptualizations of Advanced Practice Nursing / Judith A. Spross
      Nature, Purposes, and Components of Conceptual Models
      Conceptualizations of Advanced Practice Nursing: Problems and Imperatives
      Conceptualizations of Advanced Practice Nursing Roles: Organizational Perspectives
      Consensus Model for Advanced Practice Registered Nurse Regulation
      American Nurses Association
      American Association of Colleges of Nursing
      National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties
      National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists
      American Association of Nurse Anesthetists and American College of Nurse-Midwives
      International Organizations and Conceptualizations of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Section Summary: Implications for Advanced Practice Nursing Conceptualizations
      Conceptualizations of the Nature of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Hamric's Integrative Model of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Fenton's and Brykczynski's Expert Practice Domains of the Clinical Nurse Specialist and Nurse Practitioner
      Calkin's Model of Advanced Nursing Practice
      Brown's Framework for Advanced Practice Nursing
      Strong Memorial Hospital's Model of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Oberle and Allen: The Nature of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Shuler's Model of Nurse Practitioner Practice
      Ball and Cox: Restoring Patients to Health
      - A Theory of Legitimate Influence
      Section Summary: Implications for Advanced Practice Nursing Conceptualizations
      Models Useful for Advanced Practice Nurses in Their Practice
      American Association of Critical-Care Nurses' Synergy Model
      Advanced Practice Nursing Transitional Care Models
      Dunphy and Winland-Brown's Circle of Caring: A Transformative, Collaborative Model
      Recommendations and Future Directions
      Conceptualizations of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Consensus Building Around Advanced Practice Nursing
      Consensus on Key Elements of Practice Doctorate Curricula
      Research on Advanced Practice Nurses and Their Contributions to Patient, Team, and Systems Outcomes
      Conclusion
      3. Definition of Advanced Practice Nursing / Ann B. Hamric
      Distinguishing Between Specialization and Advanced Practice Nursing
      Distinguishing Between Advanced Nursing Practice and Advanced Practice Nursing
      Defining Advanced Practice Nursing
      Core Definition of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Conceptual Definition
      Primary Criteria
      Seven Core Competencies of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Direct Clinical Practice: The Central Competency
      Additional Advanced Practice Nurse Core Competencies
      Scope of Practice
      Differentiating Advanced Practice Roles: Operational Definitions of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Workforce Data
      Four Established Advanced Practice Nursing Roles
      Critical Elements in Managing Advanced Practice Nursing Environments
      Implications of the Definition of Advanced Practice Nursing
      Implications for Advanced Practice Nursing Education
      Implications for Regulation and Credentialing
      Implications for Research
      Implications for Practice Environments
      Conclusion
      4. Role Development of the Advanced Practice Nurse / Karen A. Brykczynski
      Perspectives on Advanced Practice Nurse Role Development
      Novice to Expert Skill Acquisition Model
      Role Concepts and Role Development Issues
      Role Ambiguity
      Role Incongruity
      Role Conflict
      Role Transitions
      Advanced Practice Nurse Role Acquisition in Graduate School
      Strategies to Facilitate Role Acquisition
      Advanced Practice Nursing Role Implementation at Work
      Strategies to Facilitate Role Implementation
      International Experiences with Advanced Practice Nursing Role Development and Implementation: Lessons Learned and a Proposed Model for Success
      Facilitators and Barriers in the Work Setting
      Continued Advanced Practice Nurse Role Evolution
      Evaluation of Role Development
      Conclusion
      5. Evolving and Innovative Opportunities for Advanced Practice Nursing / Michelle R. Frazelle
      Patterns in the Evolution of Specialty to Advanced Practice Nursing
      Innovative Practice Opportunities: Stage I
      Specialties in Transition: Stage II
      Emerging Advanced Practice Nursing Specialties: Stage III
      Established Advanced Practice Nursing Roles: Stage IV
      Conclusion
      6. International Development of Advanced Practice Nursing / Joyce Pulcini
      Definitions
      International Evolution of the Advanced Practice Nurse
      Nurse Practitioner
      Nurse Midwifery
      Nurse Anesthetist
      Clinical Nurse Specialist
      Advanced Practice Nurse Issues Wordwide
      Titling
      Power Differential Between Nursing and Medicine
      Lack of Physician Support for Advanced Practice Nurse Roles
      Level of Educational Preparation
      Valuing Clinical Practice Expertise
      Infusing Evidence into Role Development
      Cultural Norms
      Health Care Delivery System Values
      Advanced practice Nurse Payment
      Advanced Practice Nurse Regulations and Standards
      High-Quality, Interdisciplinary, Advanced Practice Nurse Education
      Looking to the Future: What Do We Have to Learn from Each Other?
      pt. II COMPETENCIES OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING
      7. Direct Clinical Practice / Mary Fran Tracy
      Direct Care Activities
      Direct Care and Indirect Care
      Six Characteristics of Direct Clinical Care Provided by Advanced Practice Nurses
      Use of a Holistic Perspective
      Holism Described
      Holism and Health Assessment
      Nursing Model or Medical Model
      Formation of Therapeutic Partnerships with Patients
      Shared Decision Making
      Cultural Influences on Partnerships
      Communication with Patients
      Therapeutic Partnerships with Noncommunicative Patients
      Expert Clinical Performance
      Clinical Thinking
      Ethical Reasoning
      Skillful Performance
      Use of Reflective Practice
      Use of Evidence as a Guide to Practice
      Evidence-Based Practice
      Theory-Based Practice
      Diverse Approaches to Health and Illness Management
      Interpersonal Interventions
      Therapeutic Interventions
      Individualized Interventions
      Complementary and Alternative Medicine
      Clinical Prevention
      Management of Complex Situations
      Highlights of Advanced Practice Nursing Care of a Complex Patient
      Helping Patients Manage Chronic Illnesses
      Direct Care and Information Management
      Conclusion
      8. Guidance and Coaching / Rhonda L. Babine
      Imperatives for Advanced Practice Nurse Guidance and Coaching
      Burden of Chronic Illness
      Health Care Policy Initiatives
      Interprofessional Teams
      Definitions: Teaching, Guidance, and Coaching
      Patient Education
      Guidance
      Advanced Practice Nurse Guidance and Coaching Competency: Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives
      Transitions in Health and Illness
      Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change
      Evidence That Advanced Practice Nurses Guide and Coach
      Models of Advanced Practice Nurse Guidance and Coaching
      Assumptions
      Overview of the Model
      Self-Reflection
      Clinical and Technical Competence
      Interpersonal Competence
      CONTENTS Conflict Negotiation and Resolution
      Individual and Contextual Factors That Influence Advanced Practice Nurse Guidance and Coaching
      Coaching "Difficult" Patients
      Guidance and Coaching Competency and Outcomes
      Development of Advanced Practices Nurse's Coaching Competence
      Graduate Nursing Education: Influence of Faculty and Preceptors
      Strategies for Developing and Applying the Coaching Competency
      Professional Coaching and Health Care
      Advanced Practice Nurse Guidance and Coaching the Coach Certification
      Conclusion
      9. Consultation / Allison B. Morse
      Consultation and Advanced Practice Nursing
      Defining Consultation
      Distinguishing Consultation from Comanagement, Referral, and Collaboration
      Background
      Types of Consultation
      Consultation and Specific Advanced Practice Nurse Roles
      Model of Advanced Practice Nursing Consultation
      Ecologic Field of the Consultation Process
      Purposes and Outcomes
      Consultation Process for Formal Consultation
      Common Advanced Practice Nurse Consultation Situations
      Advanced Practice Nurse Consultation in Practice
      Advanced Practice Nurse-Physician Consultation
      Advanced Practice Nurse-Staff Nurse Consultation
      Consultation in the International Community
      Mechanisms to Facilitate Consultation
      Issues in Advanced Practice Nurse Consultation
      Developing Consultation Skills in Advanced Practice Nurse Students
      Contents note continued: Using Technology to Provide, Consultation
      Documentation and Legal Considerations
      Discontinuing the Consultation Process
      Developing the Practice of Other Nurses
      Consultation Practice Over Time
      Billing for Consultation
      Evaluation of the Consultation Competency
      Conclusion
      10. Evidence-Based Practice / Mikel Gray
      Evidence and Current Best Evidence: Historical Perspective
      Steps of the Evidence-Based Process
      Step 1 Formulate a Measurable Clinical Question
      Step 2 Search the Literature for Relevant Studies
      Step 3 Critically Appraise and Extract Evidence
      Step 4 Implement Useful Findings in Clinical Decision Making
      From Policy to Practice: Tips for Achieving Meaningful Changes in Practice Based on Current Best Evidence
      Stakeholder Engagement
      Organizational Support
      Clinical Leadership Support
      Evidence-Based Practice Innovation Feedback
      Future Perspectives
      Conclusion
      11. Leadership / Charlene M. Hanson
      Context in Which Advanced Practice Nurses Exercise Leadership Competency
      Health Care System Transformation
      Redesign of Health Professional Education
      Leadership Domains of Advanced Practice Nurses
      Clinical Leadership
      Professional Leadership
      Systems Leadership
      Health Policy Leadership
      Leadership: Definitions, Models, and Concepts
      Definitions of Leadership
      Leadership Models That Lead to Transformation
      Leadership Models That Address Systems Change and Innovation
      Concepts Related to Change
      Defining Characteristics of the Advanced Practice Nurse Leadership Competency
      Mentoring
      Empowering Others
      Innovation
      Political Activism
      Attributes of Effective Advanced Practice Nurse Leaders
      Vision
      Timing
      Self-Confidence and Risk Taking
      Expert Communication and Relationship Building
      Boundary Management
      Respect for Cultural Diversity
      Global Awareness
      Balance in Personal and Professional Life
      Developing Skills as Advanced Practice Nurse Leaders
      Factors Influencing Leadership Development
      Developing Leadership in the Health Policy Arena
      Becoming an Astute Political Activist: The Growth Process
      Obstacles to Leadership Development and Effective Leadership
      Professional and System Obstacles
      Dysfunctional Leadership Styles
      Horizontal Violence
      Strategies for Implementing The Leadership Competency
      Developing a Leadership Portfolio
      Promoting Collaboration-Among Advanced Practice Nursing Groups
      Motivating and Empowering Others
      Networking
      Engaging Others in Planning and Implementing Change
      Institutional Assessment Regarding Readiness for Change
      Followship
      Conclusion
      12. Collaboration / Michael Carter
      Definition of Collaboration
      Collaboration: What It Is Not
      Domains of Collaboration in Advanced Practice Nursing
      Interprofessional Collaboration
      Characteristics of Effective Collaboration
      Clinical Competence and Accountability
      Common Purpose
      Interpersonal Competence and effective Communication
      Trust and Mutual Respect
      Recognizing and Valuing Diverse, Complementary Culture, Knowledge, and Skills
      Humor
      Impact of Collaboration on Patients and Clinicians
      Evidence That Collaboration Works
      Research Supporting Interprofessional Collaboration
      Effects of Failure to Collaborate
      Imperatives for Collaboration
      Ethical Imperative to Collaborate
      Institutional Imperative to Collaborate
      Research Imperative to Study Collaboration
      Context of Collaboration in Contemporary Health Care
      Incentives and Opportunities for Collaboration
      Barriers to Collaboration
      Processes Associated with Effective Collaboration
      Recurring Interactions
      Effective Conflict Negotiation and Resolution Skills
      Bridging and Appreciative Inquiry
      Partnering and Team Building
      Implementing Collaboration
      Assessment of Personal, Environmental, and Global Factors
      Strategies for Successful Collaboration
      Individual Strategies
      Team Strategies
      Organizational Strategies
      Conclusion
      13. Ethical Decision Making / Sarah A. Delgado
      Characteristics of Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing
      Communication Problems
      Interdisciplinary Conflict
      Multiple Commitments
      Ethical Issues Affecting Advanced Practice Nurses
      Primary Care Issues
      Acute and Chronic Care
      Societal Issues
      Access to Resources and issues of justice
      Legal issues
      Ethical Decision Making Competency of Advanced Practice Nurses
      Phases of Core Competency Development
      Evaluation of the Ethical Decision Making Competency
      Barriers to Ethical Practice and Potential Solutions
      Barriers Internal to the Advanced Practice Nurse
      Interprofessional Barriers
      Patient-Provider Barriers
      Organizational and Environmental Barriers
      Conclusion
      pt. III ADVANCED PRACTICE ROLES: THE OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS OF ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING
      14. Clinical Nurse Specialist / Cathy C. Cartwright
      Overview and Definitions of the Clinical Nurse Specialist
      Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice: Spheres of Influence and Advanced Practice Nursing Competencies
      Direct Clinical Practice
      Guidance and Coaching
      Consultation
      Evidence-Based Practice
      Leadership
      Collaboration
      Ethical Decision Making
      Current Marketplace Forces and Concerns
      Scope of Practice and Delegated Authority
      Institute of Medicine Future of Nursing Report
      NCSBN Consensus Model for Advanced Practice Registered Nurse Regulation and Implications for the Clinical Nurse Specialist
      Regional and Local Variations in Clinical Nurse Specialist Regulation
      Availability and Standardization of Educational Curricula for Clinical Nurse Specialists
      National Certification for Clinical Nurse Specialists
      Variability in Individual Clinical Nurse Specialist Practices and Prescriptive Authority
      Understanding the Similarities and Differences Between Clinical Nurse Specialists and Nurse Practitioners
      Future Directions
      Conclusion
      15. Primary Care Nurse Practitioner / Tsui-Sui Annie Kao
      Historical Roots of Primary Care in the United States
      Federal Government and Primary Care
      Health Resources and Services Administration
      Health Professional Shortage Areas Designation
      Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation
      Primary Care Workforce Composition
      Doctor of Nursing Practice
      Nurse Practitioner Role and Competencies in Primary Care
      Nurse Practitioners in Primary Care: A Role in Advanced Practice Nursing
      Advanced Practice Nurse Core Competencies
      Coaching and Guidance
      Consultation
      Collaboration
      Nurse Practitioner Core Competencies
      Models of Primary Care and the Nurse Practitioner Role in Current Primary Care in the United States
      Nurse Practitioners as a Disruptive Innovation
      Patient-Centered Medical Home
      Nurse-Managed Health Centers
      School-Based Centers
      Convenient Care Clinics
      Care for Homeless and Vulnerable Populations
      Veterans Administration
      Aging Populations and Primary Care
      Care Transitions and Primary Care
      Quality of Care: Evidence-Based Care
      Role of Electronic Health Records in Primary Care
      Nurse Practitioners: Challenges and Opportunities
      Regulatory Issues and Removing Barriers
      Conclusion
      16. Acute Care Nurse Practitioner / Jane Guttendorf
      Emergence of the Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Role
      Shaping the Scope of Practice for the Acute Care Nurse Practitioner
      National Level (Professional Organizations)
      State Level (Government)
      Institutional Level
      Service-Related Level
      Individual Level
      Competencies of the Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Role
      Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Specialty Competencies
      Advanced Practice Nurse Central Competencies of Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
      Advanced Practice Nurse Core Competencies of Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
      Profiles of the Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Role
      Comparison with Other Advanced Practice Nurse and Physician Assistant Roles
      Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioners and Physician Hospitalists
      Outcome Studies Related to Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Practice
      Implementation of the Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Role in Other Clinical Practice Settings
      Bone Marrow Transplantation Services
      Diagnostic and Interventional Services
      Heart Failure Services
      Orthopedic Services
      Rapid Response Team
      Preparation of Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
      Reimbursement for Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
      Medicare Reimbursement for Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
      Critical Care Reimbursement for Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
      Challenges Specific to the Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Role
      Conclusion
      17. Certified Nurse-Midwife / Jane Mashburn
      Historical Perspective
      Nurse-Midwifery Profession in the United States Today
      Education and Accreditation
      Certification and Certification Maintenance
      Reentry to Practice
      Regulation, Reimbursement, and Credentialing
      American College of Nurse-Midwives
      Implementing Advanced Practice Nursing Competencies
      Overview of Advanced Practice Nurse and Certified Nurse-Midwife Competencies
      Direct Clinical Practice
      Guidance and Coaching of Patients, Families, and Other Care Providers
      Consultation
      Collaboration
      Evidence-Based Practice
      Leadership
      Ethical Decision Making
      Advocacy
      Current Practice of Nurse-Midwifery
      Contents note continued: Scope of Practice
      Practice Settings
      Certified Nurse-Midwife Practice Summary
      Exemplars of Nurse-Midwifery Practice
      Professional Issues
      Image
      Work Life
      Professional Liability
      Quality and Safety
      Conclusion
      18. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist / Michael J. Kremer
      Brief History Of Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist Education and Practice
      Role Differentiation Between Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists and Anesthesiologists
      Profile of the Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist
      Scope and Standards of Practice
      Education, Credentialing, and Certification
      Programs of Study
      Nurse Anesthesia Educational Funding
      Practice Doctorate
      Certification
      Institutional Credentialing
      Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist Practice
      Workforce Issues
      Practice Settings
      Access to Health Care
      American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
      International Practice Opportunities
      Role Development and Measures of Clinical Competence
      Direct Clinical Practice
      Collaboration
      Guidance and Coaching
      Consultation
      Evidence-Based Practice
      Accountability and Ethics
      Leadership
      Exemplars
      Reimbursement
      Continued Challenges
      Conclusion
      pt. IV CRITICAL ELEMENTS IN MANAGING ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING ENVIRONMENTS
      19. Business Planning and Reimbursement Mechanisms / Sally D. Bennett
      Principles of Practice Management
      Designing and Delivering Care to Patients
      Entrepeneurs and Intrapreneurs
      Inventory of Skills
      Direct Processes of Care
      Direct Patient Care
      Mission, Vision, and Values
      Clinical Relationships with Other Staff and Providers
      Indirect Processes of Care
      Business Relationships
      Day-to-Day Administrative Support
      Program and Business Structure
      External Regulatory Bodies
      Evaluation Processes That Ensure Quality and Safety
      Diagnostic Services
      Process Resources
      Facility, Equipment, and Supplies
      Managing Prescriptive Authority and Sample Medications
      Business Plan Summary
      Health Care Payment Mechanisms
      Documentation of Services
      Medical and Nursing Classification Systems
      Reimbursement for Advanced Practice Nurses
      Value-Based Purchasing
      Evaluation of Patient Care Services
      Evolving Business Opportunities for Advanced Practice Nurses
      Managed Care Organizations
      Accountable Care Organizations
      Medical Home
      Nurse-Managed Health Centers
      Other Opportunities
      Conclusion
      20. Marketing and Negotiation / Barbara C. Phillips
      Health Care Marketing: Yesterday and Today
      Two Types of Advanced Practice Nurse Marketing
      Definition of Marketing
      Marketing Frameworks and Concepts
      Preparing for an Advanced Practice Nurse Position
      Resume Versus the Curriculum Vitae
      Query Letter
      Interview Process
      Health Care as a Business
      Preparing to Market Advanced Practice Nurse Services
      Features Versus Benefits of Marketing
      Marketing Avenues, Media, and Technology
      Offline Marketing
      Online Marketing
      Understanding Legal and Ethical Considerations
      Marketing Plan
      Return on Investment
      Negotiation and Contracting
      Importance of Contracts
      Independent Contractor Contract
      Employment Contract
      Collaborative Practice Agreement
      Contract Negotiation
      Conclusion
      21. Understanding Regulatory, Legal, and Credentialing Requirements / Charlene M. Hanson
      Current Issues
      Titling of Advanced Practice Registered Nurses
      Consensus Model for Advanced Practice Registered Nurse Regulation: Licensure, Accreditation, Certification, and Education
      Implementation of Consensus Model Regulation
      Definitions Associated with the Credentialing and Regulation of Aprns
      State Licensure and Recognition
      Prescriptive Authority
      Drug Enforcement Administration Number
      Scope of Practice for Advanced Practice Nurses
      Benchmarks of Advanced Practice Nursing and Education
      Components of Advanced Practice Nurse Credentialing and Regulation
      Elements of Regulation
      Credentialing
      Issues Affecting APRN Credentialing and Regulation
      Collaborative Practice Arrangements
      Identifier Numbers
      Reimbursement
      Risk Management, Malpractice, and Negligence
      Privacy Issues
      Telehealth and Telepractice
      Safety and Cost Containment Initiatives
      Influencing the Regulatory Process
      Novice or Any Advanced Practice Nurses
      Experienced or Expert Advanced Practice Nurses
      Current Practice Climate for Advanced Practice Nurses
      Need for True Collaboration
      Moving Out of the Shadows and Into the Light
      Visioning For Advanced Practice
      Future Regulatory Challenges Facing Advanced Practice Nurses
      Conclusion
      22. Health Policy Issues in Changing Environments / Jean Johnson
      Policy Process
      Policy: Historic Core Function in Nursing
      Overview of the Health Policy Process: Politics Versus Policy
      Policy Frameworks and Key Concepts
      Federal Budget Cycle
      Policy Formulation: How a Bill Becomes Law
      Policy Modification
      Current and Emerging Health Policy Issues Relevant to Advanced Practice Nurses
      Context for Framing Advanced Practice Nurse Policy Issues: Cost, Quality, and Access
      Policy Initiatives in Health Reform
      Emerging Advanced Practice Nurse Policy Issues
      Political Competence in the Policy Arena
      Health Policymaking: A Requisite Skill for Individual Advanced Practice Nurses
      Political Competence
      Moving Advanced Practice Nurses Forward in Health Policy
      Advanced Practice Nurse Policy Research Agenda
      Conclusion
      23. Integrative Review of Outcomes and Performance Improvement Research on Advanced Practice Nursing / Anne W. Alexandrov
      Review of Terms
      Conceptual Models of Care Delivery Impact
      Models for Evaluating Outcomes Achieved by Advanced Practice Nurses
      Outcomes Evaluation Model
      Nurse Practitioner Role Effectiveness Model
      Evidence to Date
      Role Description Studies
      Role Perception and Acceptance Studies
      Care Delivery Process Studies
      Brooten's Advanced Practice Nurse Transitional Care Model
      Process as Outcome Studies
      Performance (Process) Improvement Activities
      Disease Management Activities
      Outcomes Management Activities
      Outcomes Research
      Studies Comparing Advanced Practice Nurse and Physician and Other Provider Outcomes
      Studies Comparing Advanced Practice Nurse and Physician Productivity
      Studies Comparing Advanced Practice Nurse and Usual Practice Outcomes
      Studies Using Noncomparison Groups
      Summary of Advanced Practice Nursing Outcomes Research
      Conclusion
      24. Using Health Care Information Technology to Evaluate and Improve Performance and Patient Outcomes / Vicky A. Mahn-DiNicola
      Regulatory Reporting Initiatives That Drive Performance Improvement
      Relevance of Regulatory Reporting to Advanced Practice Nursing Outcomes
      Foundational Competencies in Managing Health Information Technology
      TIGER Competencies for Use of Health Care Information Technology
      Coding Taxonomies and Classification Systems
      Next-Generation Quality Metrics: eMeasures
      Meaningful Use of health Information Technology and Impact on Advanced Practice Nursing
      Health Information Exchanges
      Foundational Competencies in Quality Improvement
      Continuous Quality Improvement Frameworks
      Organizational Structures and Cultures That Optimize Performance Improvement
      Strategies for Designing Quality Improvement and Outcome Evaluation Plans for Advanced Practice Nursing
      Phases of Preparing a Plan for Outcome Evaluation.
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