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• Title:Evidence-based practice in sport and exercise : a guide to using research / Brent L. Arnold, PhD, ATC, FNATA, Professor and Chair, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, Brian K. Schilling, PhD, CSCS, Professor and Chair, Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada.
  
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• Author/Creator:Arnold, Brent L., author.
  
• Other Contributors/Collections:Schilling, Brian K., author.
  ebrary, Inc.
  
• Published/Created:Philadelphia, PA : F.A. Davis Company, [2017]
  ©2017
  

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  • Location:ONLINEWhere is this?
    
  • Call Number: QT261
    
  • Number of Items:
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  • Status:No information available 

   
• Library of Congress Subjects:Sports medicine--Research.
  Evidence-based medicine.
  
• Medical Subjects: Sports Medicine.
  Research.
  Clinical Trials as Topic.
  Data Accuracy.
  Evidence-Based Practice.
  
• Description:1 online resource.
  
• Reproduction note:Electronic reproduction. Palo Alto, Calif. Available via World Wide Web.
  
• Notes:Includes bibliographical references and index.
  Description based on print version record.
  
• ISBN:9780803642072 (electronic bk.)
  0803642075 (electronic bk.)
  9780803640283
  0803640285
  
• Contents:Machine generated contents note: 1. What Is Evidence-Based Practice?
  Evidence-Based Practice In Exercise Science And Health Care
  Role of Evidence in the Practitioner's Decision-Making Process
  Levels Of Evidence
  Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Hierarchy
  Level 5: "First Principles," Physiological Evidence and Bench Research, Expert Opinion
  Level 4: Case-Series and Poor-Quality Cohort or Case-Control Studies
  Level 3b: Individual Case-Control Study
  Level 3a: Systematic Review of Case-Control Studies
  Level 2c: Outcomes Research and Ecological Studies
  Level 2b: Individual Cohort Study or Low-Quality Randomized Controlled Trial
  Level 2a: Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
  Level 1c: All-or-None
  Level 1b: Individual Randomized Controlled Trial
  Level 1a: Systematic Reviews of Randomized Controlled Trials
  Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Pyramid for Other Studies
  Alternative Levels of Evidence
  Base and Shape of the Evidence Pyramid
  Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy
  2. Answering a Clinically Relevant Question
  Five-Step Approach
  1. Asking Focused Questions: Translating Uncertainty to an Answerable Question (Ask)
  Patients
  Intervention
  Comparison
  Outcome
  2. Finding the Evidence: Systematic Retrieval of Best Evidence Available (Acquire)
  Electronic Databases
  Search Strategies
  3. Critical Appraisal: Testing Evidence for Validity, Clinical Relevance, and Applicability (Appraise)
  Assessing Validity
  Assessing Clinical Relevance
  Assessing Applicability
  4. Making a Decision: Application of Results in Practice (Act)
  Client Values and Priorities
  Were Clinically Meaningful Outcomes Studied?
  Number Needed to Treat
  Number Needed to Harm
  Dealing With Inadequate Science
  5. Evaluating Performance: Auditing Evidence-Based Decisions (Analyze and Adjust)
  Self-Assessment
  Client Assessment
  3. Outcome Measures in Health and Exercise Science
  Disablement Continuum
  World Health Organization Model
  Types Of Measures Or Outcomes
  Disease-Oriented Evidence
  Patient-Oriented Evidence That Matters
  Clinician-Based Outcomes Measures
  Patient-Based Outcomes Measures
  Disease-Specific Outcomes
  Region-Specific Outcomes
  Dimension-Specific Outcomes
  Generic Outcomes
  Global Rating of Change
  Summary Scales
  Properties of Patient-Based Outcomes
  Performance-Based Assessments
  4. Outcome Properties
  Types Of Data
  Measures Of Central Tendency
  Mode
  Median
  Mean
  Measures Of Dispersion
  Standard Deviation
  Standard Error and Confidence Intervals
  Measurement Reliability
  Test-Retest
  Interrater
  Intersession
  Caveats of Test-Retest Reliability
  Internal Consistency
  Validity
  Criterion Validity
  Concurrent Validity
  Predictive Validity
  Construct Validity
  Face Validity
  Clinimetric Properties Of Measurement
  Minimal Detectable Change
  Minimal Important Difference
  Anchor-Based Approach
  Issues and Cautions Using Minimal Important Difference
  Sensitivity- and Specificity-Based Approach
  Distribution-Based Approach
  Social Comparison Approach
  Minimal Clinical Important Difference
  Responsiveness
  Interpretability
  Floor and Ceiling Effects
  5. Experimental Research
  Basic Experimental Design
  Internal Validity Of Research
  Threats
  Selection Bias
  History
  Maturation
  Regression
  Attrition
  Testing Effects
  Instrumentation
  Threat Combinations
  Expectancy
  Elements Of Control
  Control Group
  Random Assignment
  Research Designs
  Pre-experimental Research Designs
  True Experimental Designs
  Crossover Designs
  Quasi-experimental Designs
  Nonequivalent Control Group Design
  Interrupted Time-Series Design
  Single-Subject Designs
  Construct Validity
  External Validity Of Research
  Targets of Generalization
  Narrow to Broad
  Broad to Narrow
  At a Similar Level
  Similar or Different Kind
  Random Sample to Population
  Threats to External Validity
  Tradeoffs Between Internal And External Validity
  Links Among Internal, Construct, And External Validity
  6. Clinical (Therapeutic) Trials
  Efficacy Versus Effectiveness
  Types Of Questions
  Primary Questions
  Secondary Questions
  Ancillary Questions
  Natural History
  Adverse Effects
  Study Designs
  Randomized Controlled Trial
  Treatment Arm Types
  Randomization
  Blinding
  Nonrandomized Concurrent Control
  Historical Control Designs
  Crossover Designs
  Withdrawal Designs
  Factorial Designs
  Group Allocation Designs
  Equivalency Designs
  Phased Clinical Trials
  Phase I
  Phase II
  Phase III
  Phase IV
  Population Selection
  Intent-To-Treat Analysis
  Number Needed To Treat
  Assessment Of Treatment Harm
  7. Diagnostic Statistics
  Diagnostic Statistics For Accuracy / Scott E. Ros
  Sensitivity and Specificity / Scott E. Ros
  True-Positive, True-Negative, False-Positive, and False-Negative Results / Scott E. Ros
  Clinical Diagnostic Usefulness for Sensitivity and Specificity / Scott E. Ros
  Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value / Scott E. Ros
  Relationship Between Prevalence and Predictive Values / Scott E. Ros
  Positive Likelihood Ratio and Negative Likelihood Ratio / Scott E. Ros
  Example Of Diagnostic Accuracy Statistics / Scott E. Ros
  Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves / Scott E. Ros
  Optimal Cutoff Score on a Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve / Scott E. Ros
  Area Under the Curve / Scott E. Ros
  Decision-Making With Diagnostic Statistics / Scott E. Ros
  8. Epidemiological Methods in Sport and Exercise Science / Scott E. Ros
  Epidemiological Methods / Gregory W. Heath
  Epidemiological Measures / Gregory W. Heath
  Disease or Injury Occurrence / Gregory W. Heath
  Variation in Occurrence of Disease or Injury / Gregory W. Heath
  Epidemiological Measures of Prevention / Gregory W. Heath
  Study Designs In Epidemiological Research / Gregory W. Heath
  Cross-Sectional Study / Gregory W. Heath
  Case-Control Study / Gregory W. Heath
  Prospective Cohort Study / Gregory W. Heath
  Randomized Clinical Trial or Randomized Controlled Trial / Gregory W. Heath
  Assessment Of Causality / Gregory W. Heath
  Strength of Association / Gregory W. Heath
  Consistency of Association / Gregory W. Heath
  Specificity of Association / Gregory W. Heath
  Temporality / Gregory W. Heath
  Biological Gradient or Dose Response / Gregory W. Heath
  Plausibility / Gregory W. Heath
  Coherence / Gregory W. Heath
  Experimental Evidence / Gregory W. Heath
  Epidemiological Decision-Making / Gregory W. Heath
  Meta-analysis / Gregory W. Heath
  Expert Reviewers / Gregory W. Heath
  9. Research Synthesis / Gregory W. Heath
  Primary Study Versus Secondary Study / Gregory W. Heath
  Narrative Review / Gregory W. Heath
  Historical Review / Gregory W. Heath
  Expert Review / Gregory W. Heath
  Bias in Narrative Reviews / Gregory W. Heath
  Systematic Reviews / Gregory W. Heath
  Methods of Searching for and Assessing Data / Gregory W. Heath
  Hypothesis / Gregory W. Heath
  Included Study Populations and Reporting of Subject Characteristics / Gregory W. Heath
  Identified Outcomes and Study Designs / Gregory W. Heath
  Detailed Search Strategy / Gregory W. Heath
  Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria / Gregory W. Heath
  Assessment of Primary Study Quality / Gregory W. Heath
  Data Extraction / Gregory W. Heath
  Process of Synthesizing Data / Gregory W. Heath
  Effect Sizes / Gregory W. Heath
  Forest Plot / Gregory W. Heath
  Meta-Analysis / Gregory W. Heath
  Overall Effect Sizes / Gregory W. Heath
  Fixed Versus Random Effects / Gregory W. Heath
  Bias in Meta-analysis / Gregory W. Heath
  Measures of Bias / Gregory W. Heath
  Subgroup Assessment / Gregory W. Heath
  Methodological Quality Assessment in Meta-Analysis / Gregory W. Heath
  Sensitivity Analysis / Gregory W. Heath
  10. Evaluating Research Quality / Gregory W. Heath
  Research And The Scientific Method / Christopher R. Harnish
  Science: Method Not Madness / Christopher R. Harnish
  Not All Questions Are Good / Christopher R. Harnish
  Hypotheses Are Tested, Not Proven / Christopher R. Harnish
  Methodology: How You Did It Matters / Christopher R. Harnish
  What Is A Result Worth? / Christopher R. Harnish
  Discussions: Do Not Let Results Get Lost In The Interpretation / Christopher R. Harnish
  Evidence-Based Medicine / Christopher R. Harnish
  Weighing in the Evidence / Christopher R. Harnish
  Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine / Christopher R. Harnish
  Cochrane Reviews / Christopher R. Harnish
  Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials / Christopher R. Harnish
  Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology / Christopher R. Harnish
  Physiotherapy Evidence Database / Christopher R. Harnish
  Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses / Christopher R. Harnish
  Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy / Christopher R. Harnish
  A. Selected Journals / Christopher R. Harnish
  Athletic Training / Christopher R. Harnish
  Biomechanics And Kinesiology / Christopher R. Harnish
  Exercise Science / Christopher R. Harnish
  Medical And General Science / Christopher R. Harnish
  Nutrition / Christopher R. Harnish
  Contents note continued: Orthopedics / Christopher R. Harnish
  Physical Therapy / Christopher R. Harnish
  Physiology / Christopher R. Harnish
  Psychology / Christopher R. Harnish
  Public Health / Christopher R. Harnish
  Rehabilitation / Christopher R. Harnish
  Sports Medicine / Christopher R. Harnish
  B. Professional Organization Research-Based Stands and Statements / Christopher R. Harnish
  American College Of Sports Medicine Position Stands / Christopher R. Harnish
  National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statements / Christopher R. Harnish
  National Athletic Trainers' Association Consensus Statements / Christopher R. Harnish
  C. Disablement Continuum / Christopher R. Harnish
  Disablement Continuum / Christopher R. Harnish
  National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research Model / Christopher R. Harnish
  Pathophysiology / Christopher R. Harnish
  Impairment / Christopher R. Harnish
  Functional Limitations / Christopher R. Harnish
  Disability / Christopher R. Harnish
  Societal Limitations / Christopher R. Harnish
  Updated National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research Model / Christopher R. Harnish
  World Health Organization Model / Christopher R. Harnish
  Institute of Medicine Model / Christopher R. Harnish
  Selecting A Disablement Model / Christopher R. Harnish
  Extending the Model to Human Performance / Christopher R. Harnish.