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The law of rights of light / Jonathan Karas.
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Title:The law of rights of light / Jonathan Karas.
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Author/Creator:Karas, Jonathan, author.
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Published/Created:London : Wildy Simmonds & Hill Publishing, 2016.
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Holdings
Holdings Record Display
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Location:LAW LIBRARY (level 3)Where is this?
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Call Number: KD940 .K37 2016
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Number of Items:1
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Status:Available
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Location:LAW LIBRARY (level 3)Where is this?
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Library of Congress Subjects:Solar access rights.
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Description:xxxi, 284 pages, 6 unnumbered pages of plates : color illustrations ; 24 cm
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Notes:"With technical appendices by Point 2 Surveyors"
"Table of cases": pages xvii-xxvii.
"Table of legislation": pages xxix-xxxi.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
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ISBN:0854901647
9780854901647
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Contents:Machine generated contents note: 1. Legal Nature of a Right of Light
Nature of a right of light
Distinction from restrictive covenant
Statutory protection of light: the planning system?
Statutory protection of light: high hedges
2. Rights of Light: Creation
Introduction
Statute
Creation by act of parties
Creation of legal easements
Creation of equitable easements
nature of the rights which can be the subject matter of a grant (express or implied)
Express grants
Implied grants: generally
Implied grants: Wheeldon v Burrows
Implied reservations on the disposal of part?
Implied easements on simultaneous dispositions?
Words imported by Law of Property Act 1925, section 62
Restrictions on grants
Creation of right of light by long enjoyment: prescription
Introduction: principles of prescription
Common law prescription and lost modern grant
Generally
Length of enjoyment
Time immemorial
Lost modern grant
Presumed grantors and grantees: fee simple owners
Common law and lost modern grant: summary of position where tenements are subject to tenancies
Quality of enjoyment: enjoyment as of right
Quality of enjoyment: enjoyment in the nature of an easement
buildings and apertures
Prescription Act 1832
Generally
Length of enjoyment
Quality of enjoyment: generally
Prescription: buildings and apertures
Buildings
Apertures
Grantors, grantees and tenants: Prescription Act 1832
Prescriptive easements take effect as legal easements
Crown and prescription
Ecclesiastical property and prescription
City of London and prescription
Illegality and prescription
3. Preventing a Right of Light Arising by Prescription: Consent and Obstruction
Generally
Consent
Original parties to consent or agreement
Servient owners' consent or agreement
Agreement to consensual use by owner or occupier of dominant land
Consent or agreement between landlord and tenant of dominant land sufficient to preclude tenant's rights?
Construing agreements and consents
Prescription, consent and successors in title
Preventing a right of light arising by prescription: physical interruption
Physical interruption of light: common law and lost modern grant
Physical interruption of light: Prescription Act 1832
Preventing a right of light arising by prescription: light obstruction notices
Introduction
right to register a light obstruction notice
Certification
Application for registration of light obstruction notice
Registration of light obstruction notice
effect of registration
Other challenges to light obstruction notices?
Application to Crown land
4. Agreements Dealing with Light
Introduction
Construing deeds generally
Express and implied grants of rights of light
Permission, agreement or consent to enjoy light
Restrictions on building which interferes with light: restrictive covenants
Rights to construct buildings which interfere with light
Exclusion of implied rights on transaction
5. Successors in Title and Registration of Rights
Introduction
Unregistered land
Land Registration Act 1925
Generally
Benefit
Burden
Land Registration Act 2002
Easements in the course of acquisition
Pending land actions
Consents and agreements
6. Nature and Extent of a Right to Light
Generally
Rights granted by deed or other instrument
nature of prescriptive rights to light
right to receive light through an aperture
nature of the aperture through which light passes (or might pass)
Aperture defines the extent of the right
Alteration of apertures: `transferred rights'
Right of light for a building not a particular room
Right to receive light for reasonable use to which the building may be put
Artificial light
extent of the right does not depend on location
Buildings which are already poorly lit
7. Extinguishing Rights of Light
Introduction
Expiry of limited right
Unity of ownership
Merger?
Extinguishment by express release
Extinguishment by implied release: abandonment
Estoppel per rem judicatam
By statute
8. Interference with Rights of Light
Introduction
Interference constituting breach of contractual obligations
Interference with easements generally: nuisance
Not what is taken but what is left
Regard to future uses of premises
Light from other sources
Artificial light
Badly lit premises
Measurement and quantification of loss of light
9. Statutory Authorisation of Interferences with Rights of Light
Introduction
Statutory authorisation generally
Town and Country Planning Act 1990, section 237
10. Remedies for Interference with Rights of Light
Generally
Abatement
Declarations
Injunctions
Prohibitory, mandatory and quia timet injunctions
Final injunctions
Interim injunctions
Damages instead of an injunction?
Jurisdiction
wide discretion
Shelfer guidance and `small' money payments: a problem
Would it be oppressive to grant an injunction?
Oppressive to grant an injunction: delay in seeking relief
Oppressive to grant an injunction: mandatory or prohibitory injunctions?
Oppressive to grant an injunction: claimant's interest in money?
Discretion: public benefit and planning permission
Discretion: availability of artificial light?
Discretion: availability of reflected light?
Quantification of damages instead of an injunction
Damages
Contractual damages
Tortious damages
Tortious damages: quantification of diminution in value
`book value'
Aggravated and exemplary damages
Aggravated damages
Exemplary damages
Quantification of damages instead of an injunction: principles
Background
habitual practice of the courts pre-Coventry v Lawrence?
Consistent approach also in rights of light cases
Damages not an account
Coventry v Lawrence: a different approach?
11. Reform
Appendices
A. Quantification of Light and its Loss
B. Valuation of Light and its Loss
C. Legislation
C1. Prescription Act 1832 (1832 c 71), Extracts
C2. Law of Property Act 1925 (1925 c 20), Extracts
C3. Rights of Light Act 1959 (1959 c 56)
C4. Local Land Charges Act 1975 (1975 c 76), Extracts
C5. Senior Courts Act 1981 (1981 c 54), Extracts
C6. Town and Country Planning Act 1990 (1990 c 8), Extract
C7. Party Wall etc Act 1996 (1996 c 40), Extract
C8. Land Registration Act 2002 (2002 c 9), Extracts
C9. Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 (2003 c 38), Extracts
C10. Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) (Lands Chamber) Rules 2010, SI 2010/2600 (L15), Extracts.