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    Company's right to damages for non-pecuniary loss / Vanessa Wilcox.

    • Title:Company's right to damages for non-pecuniary loss / Vanessa Wilcox.
    •    
    • Author/Creator:Wilcox, Vanessa, author.
    • Published/Created:Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2016.
      ©2016
    • Holdings

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Moral damages (Civil law)--Europe.
    • Description:xxxiv, 192 pages ; 24 cm
    • Summary:"Applying appropriate legal rules to companies with as much consistency and as little consternation as possible remains a challenge for legal systems. One area causing concern is the availability of damages for non-pecuniary loss to companies, a disquiet that is rooted in the very nature of such damages and of companies themselves. [The author examines] the extent to which damages for non-pecuniary loss can be properly awarded to companies. The book focusses on the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and English law, with a chapter also dedicated to comparative treatment. While the law must be adaptable, [the author] concludes that considerations of coherency, certainty and ultimately justice dictate that the resulting rules should conform to certain core legal principles. This book lays the foundation for further comparative research into this topic and will be of interest to both the tort law and broader legal community."-- Back cover.
    • Notes:Includes bibliographical references and index.
    • ISBN:1107139279 (hardback)
      9781107139275 (hardback)
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction
      I. Four Premises
      II. Propriety of Awarding Damages for Non-Pecuniary Loss to Corporations
      III. Jurisdictions Covered
      A. EctHR and England
      B. Discounting other Council of Europe Member States
      IV. Structure
      2. Corporations, Damage and Damages
      I. Corporation
      A. Definition and Terminology
      B. Attributes of a Corporation
      C. Corporate Structure: Separation of Ownership and Control
      D. Conclusion
      II. Damage
      III. Damages
      IV. Conclusion
      3. Corporate Rights under the ECHR
      I. Introduction
      II. Principles of Interpretation
      A. Canons of Interpretation
      B. Aids to Interpretation
      C. Conclusion
      III. Corporations and the Victim Status
      A. Direct Actions
      B. Indirect Actions
      IV. Corporate Rights under the ECHR
      A. Art. 2 ECHR
      B. Art. 3 ECHR
      C. Art. 4 ECHR
      D. Art. 5 ECHR
      E. Art. 6 ECHR
      F. Art. 7 ECHR
      G. Art. 8 ECHR
      1. Home
      2. Correspondence
      3. Family Life
      4. Private Life
      H. Art. 9 ECHR
      I. Art. 10 ECHR
      J. Art. 11 ECHR
      K. Art. 12 ECHR
      L. Art. 13 ECHR
      M. Art. 14 ECHR
      N. Art. 34 ECHR
      O. Art. 41 ECHR
      P. Protocols to the ECHR
      Q. Conclusion
      V. Just Satisfaction
      A. Legislative History
      B. EctHR's Early Jurisprudence on Damages
      C. Non-Pecuniary Loss and Damages for Such Loss before the EctHR
      D. Finding as Sufficient Just Satisfaction
      VI. Conclusion
      4. EctHR's Approach to Corporate Non-Pecuniary Loss
      I. Introduction
      II. State of Affairs Pre-Comingersoll
      A. Tentative Beginnings
      B. Finding as Sufficient Just Satisfaction
      C. Damages for Non-Pecuniary Loss to Corporations?
      D. Other Instructive Cases
      E. Conclusion
      III. Comingersoll SA v. Portugal
      A. Facts and Reasoning
      1. Practice of the Committee of Ministers
      2. States' Responses or Lack Thereof
      3. Previous Case Law of the EctHR
      4. Practice of the Member States of the Council of Europe
      5. Need to Guarantee Rights that are Practical and Effective
      B. Decision and Dissenting Opinion
      IV. Awards of Damages for Non-Pecuniary Loss to Corporations under the ECHR
      V. Objective and Subjective Non-Pecuniary Loss
      A. Violation of Art. 6 ECHR
      B. Company's Reputation
      C. Uncertainty in Decision-Planning
      D. Disruption in the Management
      E. Anxiety and Inconvenience Caused
      F. Other Suffering
      G. Loss of (Real) Opportunities
      H. Lack of Reasoning
      VI. Finding as Just Satisfaction
      VII. Conclusion
      A. Direct Non-Pecuniary Loss
      B. Indirect Non-Pecuniary Loss
      5. Tort Law and the Corporation
      I. Introduction
      II. Corporate Nature
      A. Legal Person
      B. Corporate Personality Theories: The Nature and Origins of Corporations
      C. Conclusion
      III. Torts Committed against Corporations
      A. General Tortious Liabilities
      1. Negligence
      2. Public Nuisance
      3. Special Liability Regimes and Breach of Statutory Duty
      4. Misrepresentation
      a. Deceit
      b. Negligent Misrepresentation
      c. Misrepresentation Act 1967
      d. Malicious Falsehood
      B. Torts to Specific Interests
      1. Torts Affecting Land
      a. Trespass to Land
      b. Private Nuisance
      2. Wrongful Interference with Goods
      3. Intellectual Property Torts
      a. Infringement of Copyrights, Patents and Trademarks
      b. Passing Off
      4. Economic Torts
      a. Conspiracy
      b. Inducement of Breach of Contract
      c. Unlawful Interference with Economic Interests
      d. Intimidation
      5. Torts to Reputation and Privacy
      a. Defamation
      i. Prerequisites
      ii. Expansion of the Law from Sole Traders to Corporations
      iii. Criticism of South Hetton
      iv. Defamation Act 2013 and its Application
      v. Corporate Reputation Examined
      b. Misuse of Private Information and Related Actions
      6. Torts to the Person
      a. Trespasses to the Person
      b. Wrongs to the Person not Amounting to Trespasses
      i. Intentional Infliction of Physical or Emotional Harm
      ii. Harassment
      7. Malicious Use of Process
      a. Malicious Prosecution and Analogous Actions
      b. Malicious Issue of Civil Proceedings
      IV. Non-Pecuniary Loss and Damages for Such Loss
      A. Personal Injury
      1. Physical Impact
      a. Pain and Suffering
      b. Loss of Amenities of Life
      2. Non-Physical Impact
      B. Non-Personal Injury
      1. Physical Inconvenience and Discomfort
      2. Social Discredit
      3. Mental Distress
      4. Bereavement Damages
      V. Conclusion
      6. Aggravated Damages for Corporate Victims?
      I. Introduction
      II. Availability
      III. Examination of the Cases
      IV. Real Object of an Aggravated Award
      V. Legislative Reform
      VI. Attributed Aggravated Damage?
      VII. Conclusion
      7. Attribution Theory
      I. Introduction
      II. Corporate Liability under Tort Law
      A. Indirect Liability
      B. Direct Liability
      III. Attribution of Non-Pecuniary Harm
      IV. Directors
      A. Arguments in Favour of Attributing Director's Non-Pecuniary Harm
      1. Statutory Prerequisite
      2. Core Directors' Duties
      B. Arguments Against Attributing Director's Non-Pecuniary Harm
      1. Multiple Directors
      2. Various Types of Directors and the Variation of Responsibilities
      3. Corporate Directorships
      4. Evaluation
      V. Managers
      VI. Shareholders or Members
      VII. Evaluation of the Attribution Theory
      A. Case in Favour
      B. Case Against
      VIII. Importation of the Attribution Theory
      IX. Conclusion
      8. Comparative Analysis
      I. Introduction
      II. Nature of Damages for Non-Pecuniary Loss
      III. Corporations and Damages for Non-Pecuniary Loss
      A. Interference with the Bodily, Mental or Emotional Spheres
      B. Interference with the Personality Sphere
      C. Attribution Theory
      N. Conclusion
      9. Conclusion
      I. Introduction
      II. Theoretical and Legal Foundations of the Four Premises
      A. Non-Pecuniary Spheres
      B. Nature and Attributes of Corporations
      C. Corporate Rights
      D. Corporate Remedies
      1. Direct Non-Pecuniary Loss
      2. Indirect Non-Pecuniary Loss
      III. Conclusion.
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