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Copyright and human rights.
Intellectual property law and human rights / edited by Paul L.C. Torremans.
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Title:[Copyright and human rights.]
Intellectual property law and human rights / edited by Paul L.C. Torremans.
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Other Contributors/Collections:Torremans, Paul, editor.
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Published/Created:Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands : Kluwer Law International, [2015]
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Holdings
Holdings Record Display
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Location:LAW LIBRARY (level 3)Where is this?
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Call Number: K1420 2015
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Number of Items:1
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Status:Available
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Location:LAW LIBRARY (level 3)Where is this?
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Library of Congress Subjects:Copyright--Congresses.
Human rights--Congresses.
Freedom of speech--Congresses.
Freedom of expression--Congresses.
Intellectual property--Congresses.
Privacy, Right of--Congresses.
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Genre/Form:Conference papers and proceedings.
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Edition:Third edition.
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Description:xxx, 929 pages ; 25 cm
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Series:Information law series ; 34.
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Summary:Human rights issues arise more and more often in an intellectual property context. ' Intellectual property and human rights' is the first comprehensive analysis of this emerging nexus of legal issues. In twenty-one incisive essays, well-known authorities in both intellectual property law and human rights law present in-depth analysis and discussion of such essential topics as the following: The human rights credentials of copyright and other intellectual property rights; The relations between copyright and freedom of speech and of expression, from the perspectives of both North American and European law; The relevance to copyright of the public interest defence in European law; The way trade marks and human rights interfere; The human rights and morality aspects of biotechnological patents and stem cell patents; The interaction between human rights and geographical indications; and The fundamental rights of privacy in an intellectual property environment. In the years to come, more and more lawyers will be confronted with issues involving the interaction of intellectual property and human rights. As a groundbreaking work ' Intellectual property and human rights' will be seen as a cornerstone of the debate. Practitioners, academics and policymakers in both fields will immediately recognize its value as a springboard to the informed future development of this new and crucial area of legal theory and practice.
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Notes:The first edition of this book (original title, "Copyright and human rights : freedom of expression, intellectual privacy" consisted of papers from a conference held at Canada House in London. The current edition consists of updated and revised papers from the conference and additional papers.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
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ISBN:9789041158369 hardcover ; alkaline paper
9041158367 hardcover ; alkaline paper
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Contents:Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 How Intellectual Property and Human Rights: Can Live Together: An Updated Perspective
1.1. Introduction / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2. Intellectual Property as Trade Law / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2.1. Alignment with Trade / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2.2. Three-Step Test / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2.2.1. 'Certain Special Cases' / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2.2.2. Interference with Normal Commercial Exploitation / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2.2.3. Unreasonable Prejudice to Legitimate Interests of Rights Holders / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2.2.4. European 'InfoSoc' Directive / Daniel J. Gervais
1.2.3. Exclusion of Moral Rights / Daniel J. Gervais
1.3. Copyright's Internal Balance in the Mirror of Human Rights / Daniel J. Gervais
1.4. Intellectual Property and Human Rights: The New Conflicts / Daniel J. Gervais
1.5. Conclusion / Daniel J. Gervais
ch. 2 New Innovation Frontier? Intellectual Property and the European Court of Human Rights Laurence / Daniel J. Gervais
2.1. Introduction / R. Helfer
2.2. European Convention on Human Rights and the Right of Property / R. Helfer
2.2.1. Article 1 of Protocol 1: Protecting Peaceful Enjoyment of Possessions / R. Helfer
2.2.2. Subject Matter and Temporal Scope of the Right of Property / R. Helfer
2.2.3. Interferences with Property / R. Helfer
2.2.4. Assessing the Legality of Interferences / R. Helfer
2.3. Intellectual Property and the European Convention's Right of Property: A Tripartite Framework for Analysis / R. Helfer
2.3.1. Is Intellectual Property Protected by Article 1? / R. Helfer
2.3.1.1. Literary and Artistic Works / R. Helfer
2.3.1.1.1. Dima v Romania / R. Helfer
2.3.1.1.2. Implications of Dima for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works / R. Helfer
2.3.1.2. Industrial Property / R. Helfer
2.3.1.2.1. Anheuser-Busch Inc v Portugal / R. Helfer
2.3.1.2.2. Significance of Anheuser-Busch's Extension of Article 1 to Trademark Applications / R. Helfer
2.3.2. Has the State Interfered with a Possession? / R. Helfer
2.3.2.1. Restrictions on the Exercise of Intellectual Property Rights / R. Helfer
2.3.2.2. Interferences Resulting from Litigation between Private Parties / R. Helfer
2.3.2.2.1. Adjudication of Intellectual Property Contracts / R. Helfer
2.3.2.2.2. Rejection of Domestic Infringement Claims / R. Helfer
2.3.2.2.3. Resolution of Competing Ownership Claims / R. Helfer
2.3.3. Has the State Adequately Justified Its Interference with a Possession? / R. Helfer
2.3.3.1. Dependent Patent Compulsory Licenses / R. Helfer
2.3.3.2. Other Exceptions and Limitations to Exclusive Rights / R. Helfer
2.4. Forecasting the Future: Three Paradigms for ECHR Adjudication of Intellectual Property Disputes / R. Helfer
2.4.1. Rule of Law Paradigm / R. Helfer
2.4.2. Enforcement Paradigm / R. Helfer
2.4.3. Intellectual Property Balancing Paradigm / R. Helfer
2.5. Conclusion / R. Helfer
ch. 3 Challenges to the Development of a Human Rights Framework for Intellectual Property / R. Helfer
3.1. Introduction / Peter K. Yu
3.2. 'Human Rights Ratchet' / Peter K. Yu
3.3. Institutional Capture / Peter K. Yu
3.4. Cultural Bias / Peter K. Yu
3.5. Conclusion / Peter K. Yu
ch. 4 Reconceptualizing the Constitutional Dimension of Intellectual Property / Peter K. Yu
4.1. Introduction / Christophe Geiger
4.2. 'Constitutionalizing' IP Law: A Way to Secure a Just Balance of the Involved Interests / Christophe Geiger
4.2.1. Guarantee of a Just Balance of Interests: The Crucial Issue / Christophe Geiger
4.2.2. Crisis of the Classical Foundations of IP Law: The Copyright Example / Christophe Geiger
4.3. Constitutional Framework for IP / Christophe Geiger
4.3.1. Copyright as a Cultural Right / Christophe Geiger
4.3.2. Copyright as an Exception to Freedom of Expression and Information / Christophe Geiger
4.3.3. Copyright as a (Conditioned) Property / Christophe Geiger
4.4. Consequences of 'Constitutionalizing' IP Law / Christophe Geiger
4.4.1. Fundamental Rights as Guidelines for the Application of IP Law / Christophe Geiger
4.4.2. Fundamental Rights as Guidelines for Reorganizing IP Law / Christophe Geiger
4.5. Re-conceptualizing the Constitutional Protection for IP: Three Proposed Models for a Balanced IP Clause in Human Rights Instruments / Christophe Geiger
4.6. Conclusion / Christophe Geiger
ch. 5 Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights: Coinciding and Cooperating / Christophe Geiger
5.1. Introduction / Gemma Minero
5.2. Intellectual Property Rights as Human Rights: International and European Perspectives / Gemma Minero
5.3. Analysing the Potential or Apparent Conflicts / Gemma Minero
5.3.1. Conflicts between Copyright and Freedom of Expression, Right to Privacy, Right to Education and Right to the Respect of One's Property / Gemma Minero
5.3.2. Conflicts between Patents Rights and Protection of New Varieties of Plants and Right to Health, Right to Food, Right to a Safe and Clean Environment and Freedom of Speech and Right of the Public to Receive Information / Gemma Minero
5.4. Conclusions / Gemma Minero
ch. 6 Proportionality and Balancing within the Objectives for Intellectual Property Protection / Gemma Minero
6.1. Introduction / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.2. Need for Proportionality in the Context of International Economic Regulation / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3. TRIPS Objectives as Normative Input for the Balancing Exercise / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.1. Preamble of TRIPS / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2. Objectives under Article 7 TRIPS / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.1. Balance of Interests / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.2. WTO Members Discretion to Exercise Balancing / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.3. Legitimate Expectations of Interested Trading Partners in the WTO / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.4. Role of 'Object and Purpose' in WTO Treaty Interpretation / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.5. Doha Declarations: Increasing the Relative Importance of TRIPS Objectives? / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.5.1. Formal Legal Status of the Doha Declarations / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.5.2. Substance of the Declaration on TRIPS and Public Health / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.5.3. Conclusions: Double Counting and Single Most Important Element / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.3.2.6. Re-evaluating Canada - Patents / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
6.4. Concluding Remarks: The Case for a Balance of Interest in Its Wider Context / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
ch. 7 Copyright (and Other Intellectual Property Rights) as a Human Right / Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan
7.1. Introduction / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.2. Human Rights Approach to Copyright in International Instruments / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.2.1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.2.2. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.3. Other Intellectual Property Rights / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.4. Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5. Balancing Private and Public Interests / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5.1. Need for a Balancing Act / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5.2. Balancing Act in the ECHR / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5.3. Balancing Act in the Court of Justice of the EU / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5.4. Competition Principles as an Example / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5.4.1. Principles and Justification / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5.4.2. Magill and IMS Health / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.5.4.3. Not Only Economic Considerations Count / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.6. Copyright's Relationship with Other Human Rights / Paul L.C. Torremans
7.7. Conclusion / Paul L.C. Torremans
ch. 8 Copyright and Freedom of Expression in Canada / Paul L.C. Torremans
8.1. 'Very Well-Tailored Structure' of the Canadian Copyright Act: Freedom of Expression Internalized / Myra J. Tawfik
8.1.1. Supreme Court of Canada and the Concept of User Rights / Myra J. Tawfik
8.1.2. Fair Dealing as a User Right in Canada: Fostering a 'Robustly Cultured and Intellectual Public Domain' / Myra J. Tawfik
8.1.3. Other Copyright Limitations and Exceptions That Support an Internalized Approach / Myra J. Tawfik
8.2. Where Copyright and Freedom of Expression Collide: Cases of Structural Failure / Myra J. Tawfik
8.2.1. Provisions Relating to the Circumvention of Technological-Protection Measures and Digital Rights Management Technologies / Myra J. Tawfik
8.2.2. Contracting Out of 'User Rights' Especially Fair Dealing / Myra J. Tawfik
8.3. Charter Approach to Canadian Copyright Law / Myra J. Tawfik
8.3.1. Charter Consistent Copyright Act: Resolving the Structural Failures / Myra J. Tawfik
8.3.2. Charter Consistent Interpretation of the Act: Recognizing Copyright's Constitutional Dimension / Myra J. Tawfik
8.4. Conclusion / Myra J. Tawfik
ch. 9 Fair Dealing Defences / Myra J. Tawfik
9.1. Introduction / Patrick Masiyakurima
9.2. Narrow Statutory Purposes / Patrick Masiyakurima
9.3. Fairness / Patrick Masiyakurima
9.4. Conclusion / Patrick Masiyakurima
ch. 10 Copyright Law Reform through a Human Rights Lens / Patrick Masiyakurima
10.1. Introduction / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.2. Creators' Human Rights / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
Contents note continued: 10.2.1. Human Rights Turn in Intellectual Property / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.2.2. Creators' Rights as Human Rights / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3. Domestic Law Reform Proposals Viewed through a Human Rights Lens / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3.1. Domestic Law Reform Proposals / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3.1.1. Jettisoning the Reproduction Right / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3.1.2. Resurrecting Formalities / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3.1.3. Constraining the Derivative Works Right / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3.1.4. Public International Law and Domestic Law Reform / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3.1.4.1. Public International Intellectual Property Law / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.3.1.4.2. International Human Rights Law / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
10.4. Conclusion / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
ch. 11 Conflict between the Human Right to Education and Copyright / Graeme W. Austin / Amy G. Zavidow
11.1. Introduction / Sharon E. Foster
11.2. Foundation for the Human Right to Education: The United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights / Sharon E. Foster
11.3. ICESCR on the Right to Education and How It Has Been Interpreted / Sharon E. Foster
11.4. Human Right of Authors' Moral and Material Interests / Sharon E. Foster
11.4.1. Article 27 of the UDHR Specifies That the Moral and Material Interests of Authors Are a Human Right / Sharon E. Foster
11.4.2. Article 15 of the ICESCR Specifies That 'the Moral and Material Interests of Authors Are a Human Right' / Sharon E. Foster
11.5. TRIPS Interpreted / Sharon E. Foster
11.6. Internal Conflict / Sharon E. Foster
11.7. External Conflict / Sharon E. Foster
11.8. Market Failure and the False Conflict Paradigm / Sharon E. Foster
11.9. Conclusion / Sharon E. Foster
ch. 12 Copyright and the Two Cultures of Online Communication / Sharon E. Foster
12.1. Communication Cultures on the Internet / Alexander Peukert
12.1.1. Exclusivity Culture / Alexander Peukert
12.1.2. Access Culture / Alexander Peukert
12.1.3. Freedom of Choice and Hybrids / Alexander Peukert
12.2. Role of Current Copyright Law / Alexander Peukert
12.2.1. Copyright and Exclusivity Culture / Alexander Peukert
12.2.2. Copyright and Access Culture / Alexander Peukert
12.3. Perspectives / Alexander Peukert
12.3.1. Further Promotion of the Exclusivity Culture / Alexander Peukert
12.3.2. Further Reinforcement of the Access Culture / Alexander Peukert
12.4. Conclusion / Alexander Peukert
ch. 13 Fair Use, Transformative Use and the First Amendment / Alexander Peukert
13.1. Introduction / Marshall Leaffer
13.2. Overview of Fair Use / Marshall Leaffer
13.2.1. Historical Perspective / Marshall Leaffer
13.2.2. Preamble of the Statute / Marshall Leaffer
13.2.3. Four Criteria / Marshall Leaffer
13.3. Origins of the Transformative Use Doctrine / Marshall Leaffer
13.4. Transformative Use and the Problem of Parody / Marshall Leaffer
13.4.1. Parody as Fair Use: Its Statutory Basis / Marshall Leaffer
13.4.2. Parody, Transformative Use and the Four Factors: Campbell v Acuff Rose / Marshall Leaffer
13.4.3. How Much Can the Parody Take from the Original? / Marshall Leaffer
13.4.4. Parody and the Fourth Fair-Use Factor: Market Effect / Marshall Leaffer
13.4.5. Does the Parody Have to Target the Copyrighted Work? / Marshall Leaffer
13.5. Beyond Parody: From Transformative Use to Transformative Purpose / Marshall Leaffer
13.5.1. On line Research Tools: Perfect 10, Inc v Amazon, Inc / Marshall Leaffer
13.5.2. Appropriation Art / Marshall Leaffer
13.5.3. Mass Digitization and Fair Use: The Google Book Search Project / Marshall Leaffer
13.6. Conclusion / Marshall Leaffer
ch. 14 Is There a Right to an Immoral Trademark? / Marshall Leaffer
14.1. Introduction: Freedom of Expression and the Law of Trademarks / Jonathan Griffiths
14.2. Marks Contrary to Public Policy and Morality: United Kingdom and Community Law / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3. Application of the Morality and Public Policy Exclusion: Cases from the United Kingdom / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.1. Cases Decided by the Lord Chancellor's Appointed Person / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.1.1. Ghazilian's Application / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.1.2. Basic Trademark SA's Application / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.1.3. Scranage's Trademark Application / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.1.4. French Connection Ltd's Trade Mark Registration / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.2. Decisions of the Registrar / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.2.1. CDW Graphic Design Ltd's Application / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.2.2. Sporting Kicks Ltd's Application / Jonathan Griffiths
14.3.2.3. Toke UK Ltd's Application / Jonathan Griffiths
14.4. Cases under the Community Trade Mark Regulation / Jonathan Griffiths
14.4.1. Dick Lexic Ltd's Application / Jonathan Griffiths
14.4.2. Application of Kenneth (Trading as SCREW YOU) / Jonathan Griffiths
14.4.3. Couture Tech v OHIM / Jonathan Griffiths
14.4.4. Paki Logistics GmbH v OHIM / Jonathan Griffiths
14.5. Impact of Freedom of Expression / Jonathan Griffiths
14.5.1. Scope and Status of Article 10 / Jonathan Griffiths
14.5.2. Application of Article 10 in Immorality/Public Policy Cases / Jonathan Griffiths
14.6. Has Article 10 Been Correctly Applied? / Jonathan Griffiths
14.6.1. Is 'Expression' at Issue at All? / Jonathan Griffiths
14.6.2. Does Refusal to Register a Mark Constitute an Interference with the Right Protected by Article 10? / Jonathan Griffiths
14.6.3. Is It 'Necessary in a Democratic Society' to Refuse Registration? / Jonathan Griffiths
14.7. Conclusion / Jonathan Griffiths
ch. 15 Trademarks and Human Rights / Jonathan Griffiths
15.1. Introductory / Marco Ricolfi
15.2. Resurgence of the Human Rights Discourse at the Turn of Last Century / Marco Ricolfi
15.3. In Which Ways Are Trademarks Different from Other IPRs for Purposes of Human Rights Analysis? / Marco Ricolfi
15.4. Identification of the Levels of the Interface between Trademark Law and Human Rights / Marco Ricolfi
15.5. Trademarks as Property / Marco Ricolfi
15.6. Anheuser-Busch Case / Marco Ricolfi
15.7. Unregistered Trademarks, Trade Names and Domain Names: The Paeffgen Case / Marco Ricolfi
15.8. Geographic Indications as Property: The Tocaj Case / Marco Ricolfi
15.9. Absolute Grounds for Refusal of the Registration of a Trademark and Human Rights: The (Limited) Relevance of Free Speech / Marco Ricolfi
15.10. Prohibitions to Use a Trademark for Public Policy Reasons / Marco Ricolfi
15.11. 'Need to Keep Free' in a Human Rights Perspective / Marco Ricolfi
15.12. Human Rights and the Conflict between Senior and Junior Trademarks / Marco Ricolfi
15.13. Likelihood of Confusion and Human Rights / Marco Ricolfi
15.14. Human Rights, Dilution and 'Absolute' Protection of Trademarks: The Issue / Marco Ricolfi
15.15. Options / Marco Ricolfi
15.16. First Three Pillars of an 'Integrated System'? / Marco Ricolfi
15.17. Exceptions and Limitations as the Fourth Pillar of the 'Integrated System' / Marco Ricolfi
ch. 16 Folklore, Human Rights and Intellectual Property / Marco Ricolfi
16.1. Introduction / Andrea Radonjanin
16.2. Getting a Grasp of Folklore / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3. Placing the Protection of Folklore within the Right Legal Framework / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.1. Intellectual Property Laws / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.1.1. Copyright / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.1.2. Trademark Law / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.1.3. Geographical Indications of Origin / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.1.4. Sui Generis Protection / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.2. Human Rights Laws / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.2.1. Relevant Legal Instruments in the Field of Human Rights Laws / Andrea Radonjanin
16.3.2.2. Suitability of Human Rights Laws for Protecting Folklore / Andrea Radonjanin
16.4. Which Law for Folklore - A Suggestion / Andrea Radonjanin
16.5. Conclusion / Andrea Radonjanin
ch. 17 Geographical Indications and Human Rights / Andrea Radonjanin
17.1. Introduction / Dev Gangjee
17.2. Geographical Indications as the Objects of Intellectual Property Law / Dev Gangjee
17.2.1. What Is a Geographical Indication? / Dev Gangjee
17.2.2. Similarities with Trademarks / Dev Gangjee
17.2.3. Differences in Scope / Dev Gangjee
17.3. Geographical Indications and Cultural Rights? / Dev Gangjee
17.3.1. Space for a Cultural Heritage Argument / Dev Gangjee
17.3.2. Limitations of Cultural Rights / Dev Gangjee
17.4. Conclusion / Dev Gangjee
ch. 18 Is Taking Advantage Always Unfair?: Balancing Interest in Investment in Brands with Basic Rights and Free Competition Rules in the EU / Dev Gangjee
18.1. Intellectual Property Rights versus Basic Human Rights / Nigar Kirimova
18.2. Analysis of Situation in the EU / Nigar Kirimova
18.2.1. Legal Background: Why Protection of Trademarks with Reputation in the EU Is Considered to Be Excessive? / Nigar Kirimova
18.2.2. Notion of "Taking Unfair Advantage" / Nigar Kirimova
18.2.3. Trademark Functions Theory / Nigar Kirimova
Contents note continued: 18.3. Danger for Free Competition and Commercial Speech to Fall into the Black Hole of TM Protection in the Light of L'Oreal Decision / Nigar Kirimova
18.3.1. Facts of the Case / Nigar Kirimova
18.3.2. Legality of Imitation and Free Competition for Realization of the Right to Conduct Business / Nigar Kirimova
18.3.3. IP Rights and Free Commercial Speech / Nigar Kirimova
18.4. Recommendations / Nigar Kirimova
18.4.1. Removal of "Unfair Advantage" Element and Broader Interpretation of "Detriment to the Distinctiveness" / Nigar Kirimova
18.4.2. Correct Interpretation of Terms "Unfair" and "Without Due Cause" as Alternative Ways Out / Nigar Kirimova
18.5. Conclusion / Nigar Kirimova
ch. 19 Trademarks and Human Rights: The Issue of Plain Packaging / Nigar Kirimova
19.1. Introduction / Owen H. Dean
19.2. Australian Plain Packaging Legislation / Owen H. Dean
19.3. Australian Plain Packaging Litigation / Owen H. Dean
19.4. Reaction to the Australian Court Decision / Owen H. Dean
19.5. South African Constitution and Property / Owen H. Dean
19.5.1. Section 25 / Owen H. Dean
19.5.2. What Constitutes Property? / Owen H. Dean
19.5.3. What Does Deprivation Entail? / Owen H. Dean
19.5.4. Deprivation That Is Arbitrary / Owen H. Dean
19.5.5. When Is a Deprivation an Expropriation? / Owen H. Dean
19.5.6. Law of General Application / Owen H. Dean
19.5.7. Conclusion / Owen H. Dean
19.6. Essential Characteristics of Trademarks / Owen H. Dean
19.6.1. Nature of a Trademark / Owen H. Dean
19.6.2. Different Types of Trademarks / Owen H. Dean
19.6.3. Significance of Use of a Trademark / Owen H. Dean
19.6.4. Value of Trademarks / Owen H. Dean
19.6.5. Effect of Non-use of Trademarks / Owen H. Dean
19.7. South African Plain Packaging Legislation / Owen H. Dean
19.8. Dunhill Device as an Example of a Trademark under Threat / Owen H. Dean
19.9. Deprivation of the Dunhill Device Marks / Owen H. Dean
19.9.1. Application of the Property Clause / Owen H. Dean
19.9.2. Are Trademarks Property in the Constitutional Context? / Owen H. Dean
19.9.3. Law of General Application / Owen H. Dean
19.9.4. Deprivation of Property / Owen H. Dean
19.9.5. Deprivation That Is Arbitrary / Owen H. Dean
19.10. Conclusion / Owen H. Dean
ch. 20 Recapturing Liberated Information: The Relationship between the United Kingdom's Freedom of Information Act 2000 and Private Law Restraints on Disclosure / Owen H. Dean
20.1. Introduction / Jonathan Griffiths
20.2. Access to Information under FOIA 2000: An Introduction / Jonathan Griffiths
20.3. Potential Private Law Claims Arising from Disclosure / Jonathan Griffiths
20.4. Statutory Immunity in Other Jurisdictions / Jonathan Griffiths
20.4.1. Australia / Jonathan Griffiths
20.4.2. New Zealand / Jonathan Griffiths
20.4.3. Canada / Jonathan Griffiths
20.4.4. Ireland / Jonathan Griffiths
20.4.5. Common Principles / Jonathan Griffiths
20.5. Freedom of Information Act 2000: Relationship with Private Rights / Jonathan Griffiths
20.5.1. Defamation / Jonathan Griffiths
20.5.2. Breach of Confidence / Jonathan Griffiths
20.5.3. Copyright / Jonathan Griffiths
20.6. Potential Problems Arising as a Result of the Limited Statutory Immunity Granted under FOIA 2000 / Jonathan Griffiths
20.6.1. Problems for Public Authorities / Jonathan Griffiths
20.6.2. Problems for Authors/Suppliers / Jonathan Griffiths
20.6.3. Problems for Applicants / Jonathan Griffiths
20.7. Conclusion / Jonathan Griffiths
ch. 21 'Holding the Line': The Relationship between the Public Interest and Remedies Granted or Refused, Be It for Breach of Confidence or Copyright / Jonathan Griffiths
21.1. Introduction / Alison Firth
21.2. Copyright, Breach of Confidence and Other Causes of Action / Alison Firth
21.3. Guardians of the Public Interest / Alison Firth
21.4. Some Key Aspects of European Law / Alison Firth
21.5. Prof Ricketson's Spectrum / Alison Firth
21.6. Public Interest / Alison Firth
21.7. Public Interest: The Exception or the Rule? / Alison Firth
21.8. Copyright, Competition Law and the Three-Step Test / Alison Firth
21.9. Public Interest in the Denial of Protection / Alison Firth
21.10. Exclusivity versus Right to Remuneration / Alison Firth
21.11. Exclusive Right or Right to Remuneration versus Free Use / Alison Firth
21.12. Conclusion / Alison Firth
ch. 22 Privacy, Confidentiality and Property / Alison Firth
22.1. Introduction / Peter Jaffey
22.2. Privacy and Confidentiality / Peter Jaffey
22.2.1. Law of Confidentiality / Peter Jaffey
22.2.2. Limits of Informational Privacy / Peter Jaffey
22.2.3. Informational Privacy and the 'Blockbuster Tort' Objection / Peter Jaffey
22.3. Confidentiality as the Ownership of Trade Secrets / Peter Jaffey
22.4. Privacy, Defamation and 'False Light' Portrayal / Peter Jaffey
22.4.1. Privacy and Defamation / Peter Jaffey
22.4.2. 'False Light' Portrayal / Peter Jaffey
22.5. Publicity and Merchandising / Peter Jaffey
22.5.1. Privacy as the Ownership of Image: The Right of Publicity / Peter Jaffey
22.5.2. Trademarks: The Information Function / Peter Jaffey
22.5.3. Non-information-Related 'Image' Function of a Trademark / Peter Jaffey
22.5.4. Protecting Images for Merchandising through the Law of Trademarks / Peter Jaffey
22.6. Intellectual Property and the Ownership of Intangibles / Peter Jaffey
22.7. Conclusion / Peter Jaffey
ch. 23 Developing a Right of Privacy for Corporations / Peter Jaffey
23.1. Introduction / Jacqueline Nwozo
23.2. Protection of Corporations' Privacy under the English Law of Confidence / Jacqueline Nwozo
23.3. Article 8 ECHR: Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights on Privacy / Jacqueline Nwozo
23.4. Australian Experience / Jacqueline Nwozo
23.5. Arguments for the Further Development of a Right to Privacy for Corporations / Jacqueline Nwozo
23.6. Development of Corporations' Privacy in English Law: Recommendations / Jacqueline Nwozo
23.7. Conclusion / Jacqueline Nwozo
ch. 24 Personalized Medicine, Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights / Jacqueline Nwozo
24.1. Introduction / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.2. Personalized Medicine: What Is It? / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3. Patent Law Issues / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.1. Introduction / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.2. Patenting of Genes and Gene Related Inventions / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.2.1. Europe / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.2.2. United States / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.3. Diagnostic Methods and Methods for Treatment / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.3.1. Introduction / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.3.2. Europe / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.3.3. United States / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.4. Further Applications of an Existing Drug / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.4.1. Introduction / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.4.2. Europe / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.3.4.3. United States / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.4. Human Rights Issues / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.4.1. Fundamentals / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.4.2. Different Approaches towards the Relationship between Human Rights and Intellectual Property Rights / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.4.3. Right to Health and Personalized Medicine / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.4.4. Consequences / Sven J.R Bostyn
24.5. Conclusions and Suggestions / Sven J.R Bostyn
ch. 25 Human Stem Cell Research: Ethical and Religious Concerns over Patenting Biotechnological Inventions in Malaysia / Sven J.R Bostyn
25.1. Introduction / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.2. Patent Law in Malaysia / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.3. Position of Ethics and Morality in Islam / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.4. Promoting Beneficence (Maslahah) and Genetic Research / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.5. Limits of Science: Bioethics and Lessons from the Holy Qur'an / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.6. Islam and Embryo Research / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.7. Commercialization of Human Body and Human Body Parts / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.8. Malaysian Practices on Research Involving Human Embryo and Stem Cells / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
25.9. Conclusion / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
ch. 26 Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights for Nanotechnology in Malaysia / Ida Madieha Azmi / Majdah Zawawi
26.1. Introduction / Norain Binti Ismail
26.2. Relationship of Nanotechnology, Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights / Norain Binti Ismail
26.3. Background of Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.4. Defining Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.5. Size Dimension / Norain Binti Ismail
26.6. Change of Properties / Norain Binti Ismail
26.7. Functions or Effects / Norain Binti Ismail
26.8. Combinations of the Above Definition / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9. Rights to Property and Nanotechnology Creations / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.1. Nanotechnology and Patent Law / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.2. Novelty of Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.3. Obviousness in Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.4. Person Skilled in Multiple Arts / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.5. Confidential Information and Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.6. Nanotechnology Information / Norain Binti Ismail
Contents note continued: 26.9.7. Copyright and Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.8. Nano-Creations and Artistic Works / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.9. Nano-Creations in Works of Architecture / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.10. Works of Artistic Craftsmanship and Nano-Creations / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.11. Sculpture and Nano-Creations / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.12. Graphic Works and Nano-Creations / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.13. Literary Works and Nano-Creations / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.14. Trade Marks and Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.15. Nano-Scale Marks / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.16. Design and Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.17. Eye Appeal Requirement for Nano-Creations / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.18. Nano-Creations under Registered Design / Norain Binti Ismail
26.9.19. Nano-Creations and UK Unregistered Design / Norain Binti Ismail
26.10. Right to Property and Ownership Rights in Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.10.1. Ownership in Patent Law / Norain Binti Ismail
26.10.2. Employment Contract in Confidentiality / Norain Binti Ismail
26.11. Right to Property and Prior User Rights / Norain Binti Ismail
26.12. Scope of Experimental Use Defence in Patent and Human Rights Approach / Norain Binti Ismail
26.12.1. Acts Done for Scientific or Experimental Purposes / Norain Binti Ismail
26.12.2. Acts Done for Industrial and Commercial / Norain Binti Ismail
26.12.3. Experimental Purpose Relating to the Subject Matter of the Invention / Norain Binti Ismail
26.12.4. Act Done Privately / Norain Binti Ismail
26.12.5. Scope for Experimental Use Defence / Norain Binti Ismail
26.13. Right to Life and Ordre Public and Morality in Nanotechnology Invention / Norain Binti Ismail
26.14. Right to Life and Public Interest Defence for Nanotechnology in Confidentiality / Norain Binti Ismail
26.14.1. Principle of Public Defence for Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.14.2. Scope and Limits of Public Interest Defence for Nanotechnology / Norain Binti Ismail
26.15. Freedom of Expression and Nano-Word / Norain Binti Ismail
26.15.1. 'Nano' Word / Norain Binti Ismail
26.16. Conclusion / Norain Binti Ismail
ch. 27 Gene Patents and Human Rights / Norain Binti Ismail
27.1. Introduction / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.2. Human Genetics / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.3. Human Genetics and Patent Law / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.3.1. Human Genes / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.3.2. Human Proteins / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.3.3. Genetic Diagnostic Methods / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4. Gene Patents and Human Rights / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.1. Human Dignity / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.1.1. In General / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.1.2. In Patent Law / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.2. Right to Informed Consent / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.2.1. In General / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.2.2. In Patent Law / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.3. Right of Access to Health Care / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.3.1. In General / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.4.3.2. In Patent Law / Geertrui Van Overwalle
27.5. Conclusion / Geertrui Van Overwalle.