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    Membrane processes for water reuse / Anthony M. Wachinski.

    • Title:Membrane processes for water reuse / Anthony M. Wachinski.
    •    
    • Author/Creator:Wachinski, Anthony M.
    • Published/Created:New York, NY : McGraw-Hill, [2013]
      ©2013
    • Holdings

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Water--Purification--Membrane filtration.
      Water reuse.
      Membrane separation.
    • Description:xvii, 441 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm
    • Notes:Includes bibliographical references (pages 429-433) and index.
    • ISBN:9780071748957 (alk. paper)
      0071748954 (alk. paper)
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: 1. Water Reuse Overview
      Introduction
      Water Scarcity
      Water Supply
      Water Demand
      Water Scarcity Solutions
      Water Reuse Technology Overview
      Conventional Water Treatment Technology
      Conventional Wastewater Technology
      Membrane Technology
      2. Water Quality
      Introduction
      Basic Chemistry Review
      Fundamental Concepts
      Bonding
      Ionization
      Complex Ions
      -Ligands
      Ionic Strength
      Chelation
      Adsorption
      Symbols, Formulas, and Equations
      Bar Graphs
      Units of Expression
      Solutions
      Nomenclature
      Gas Laws
      Dilutions
      Sampling
      Chemicals Used in Wastewater Reuse
      Coagulants
      Coagulant Aids
      Chemicals Used to Raise Alkalinity
      Water Reuse Standards
      AWWA Standards
      Wastewater Reuse Source Waters
      Important Characteristics of Raw and Treated Wastewaters
      Terminology Relevant to Basic Chemistry Review
      3. Basic Concepts
      Introduction
      Terminology and Definitions
      Low Pressure Membranes
      -Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration
      Transmembrane Pressure
      Flux
      Turbidity Effects
      Integrity Testing
      Membrane Fouling
      Temperature Effects
      Membrane Materials
      Membrane Modules
      High-Performance Low Pressure Membranes
      -Theoretical Considerations
      Introduction
      Attributes Contributing to the Enhancement of Flux
      Diffusive Membranes
      -NF and RO
      Transmembrane Pressure
      Net Driving Pressure
      Turbidity Effects
      Integrity Testing
      Membrane Fouling
      Temperature Effects
      Membrane Materials
      Membrane Modules
      4. Low Pressure Membrane Technology
      -Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration
      Introduction
      Water Quality
      MF and UF Removal Efficiency
      M/F Filtration Configurations
      Dead-End Filtration
      Pressure vs. Vacuum
      Design Flux
      Flux Reduction in Cold Water
      Membrane Materials
      Chemical and Oxidant Compatibility
      Hollow Fiber Modules
      Hollow Fiber (MF and UF) Systems
      Applications
      Membrane Systems
      Operation
      Reverse Filtration (Backwash)
      Chemical Cleaning
      System Recovery
      Integrity Testing of Low Pressure Membranes
      Residuals Characteristics and Management
      5. Diffusive Membrane Technology
      -Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis
      Introduction
      Terminology and Definitions
      Feed Water Quality
      NF and RO Flux
      Membrane Materials
      Modules
      Pretreatment
      Prefiltration
      Chemical Conditioning
      6. Membrane-Coupled Bioprocesses
      Introduction
      Conventional Activated Sludge-Low Pressure Membrane Process
      Sequencing Batch Reactor-Low Pressure Membrane Process (SBR-LPM)
      -Aqua-Aerobic Systems' AquaMB Process
      High Rate Anaerobic Coupled Bioprocesses
      Membrane Bioreactor Process
      Municipal Wastewater Primary Effluent Coupled Low Pressure Membrane
      7. Design of Membrane Systems for Water Recycling and Reuse
      Introduction
      Membrane Application Flow Schemes
      System Design Considerations
      Design Recovery
      Integrity Testing
      Continuous Indirect Integrity Monitoring System
      Determination of Minimum Number of Equivalent Broken Fibers
      Pretreatment
      Clean in Place, Chemically Enhanced Backwash, and Neutralization Considerations
      Chemical Bulk Storage Tanks
      Chemical Conditioning
      Direct Coagulation vs. Sedimentation
      Posttreatment
      System Reliability
      Residuals Treatment and Disposal
      Guidelines for Applying Polymers in Membrane Treatment
      Guidelines
      Notes
      Case Study 7.1 Singapore Public Utilities Board NEWater Project, Republic of Singapore
      Case Study 7.2 Water Reuse for Drought-Proof Industrial Water Supply in San Diego
      Case Study 7.3 Cleaner, Purer Water
      -Membrane Separation Provides Recovery of High Value Products and Transforms Wastewater into a Renewable Water Resource
      Demand for Pure Water
      Recycling Water for Wineries in Sonoma County
      Aquifer Storage and Recovery in Arizona
      Watershed and Marine Protection in New York
      Macroelectronics Industry Conserving Water Supplies in California
      Water Reuse and Economic Development in Chandler, Arizona
      Recycle and Reuse Water: Membrane Filtration as a Practical Solution
      Case Study 7.4 Water Reuse via MF/RO
      -Integrated Microfiltration/Reverse Osmosis System Recycles Secondary Effluent Wastewater to Combat Water Scarcity
      Challenge
      Solution
      Results
      Case Study 7.5 Water Reclamation for Groundwater Recharge
      Case Study 7.6 Water Reuse via Dual Membrane Technology
      -Water Company Supplies RO Quality Water from Treated Effluent
      Challenge
      Solution
      Value Delivered
      Chemical Usage Data
      Case Study 7.7 Membrane Design and Optimization for Treating Variable Wastewater Sources
      Keywords
      Introduction
      MF Membrane Technology
      MF System Technology
      Variable Wastewater Sources and Usage
      Cost of Recycled Water vs. Treatment Capacity
      Conclusion
      References
      Case Study 7.8 High Purity Water from Tidal Canal
      -Water Company Supplies High Purity Boiler Feed Water with Membrane/Membrane Technology
      Challenge
      Solution
      Value Delivered
      Conclusion
      8. Future Trends and Challenges
      Introduction
      Target Opportunities for Water Reuse
      Technologies
      Public Perception Challenges
      -Indirect Potable Reuse
      Challenges Associated with the Cost of Water.
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