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    Environmental engineering : fundamentals, sustainability, design / authors and editors, James R. Mihelcic, Julie Beth Zimmerman ; contributing authors, Martin T. Auer [and eight others].

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    • Title:Environmental engineering : fundamentals, sustainability, design / authors and editors, James R. Mihelcic, Julie Beth Zimmerman ; contributing authors, Martin T. Auer [and eight others].
    •    
    • Author/Creator:Mihelcic, James R., author, editor.
    • Other Contributors/Collections:Zimmerman, Julie Beth, author, editor.
      Auer, Martin T., author.
    • Published/Created:Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., [2014]

    • Holdings

      Holdings Record Display

       
    • Library of Congress Subjects:Environmental engineering--Textbooks.
      Sustainable design--Textbooks.
      Sustainable engineering--Textbooks.
    • Edition:Second edition.
    • Description:xxiii, 680 pages : illustrations, maps ; 26 cm
    • Notes:Includes bibliographical references and index.
    • ISBN:1118741498
      9781118741498
    • Contents:Machine generated contents note: ch. One Sustainable Design, Engineering, and Innovation
      1.1. Background: Evolution from Environmental Protection to Sustainability
      1.2. Path Forward: Operationalizing Sustainability
      1.2.1. Life Cycle Thinking
      1.2.2. Systems Thinking
      1.3. Engineering for Sustainability
      1.3.1. Frameworks for Sustainable Design
      1.3.2. Importance of Design and Innovation in Advancing Sustainability
      1.4. Measuring Sustainability
      1.5. Policies Driving Green Engineering and Sustainability
      1.5.1. Regulations
      1.5.2. Voluntary Programs
      1.6. Designing Tomorrow
      Key Terms
      ch. One Problems
      References
      ch. Two Environmental Measurements
      2.1. Mass Concentration Units
      2.1.1. Mass/Mass Units
      2.1.2. Mass/Volume Units: mg/L and μg/m3
      2.2. Volume/Volume and Mole/Mole Units
      2.2.1. Using the Ideal Gas Law to Convert ppmv to μg/m3
      2.3. Partial-Pressure Units
      2.4. Mole/Volume Units
      2.5. Other Types of Units
      2.5.1. Normality
      2.5.2. Concentration as a Common Constituent
      2.5.3. Concentrations of Carbon Dioxide and Other GHGs
      2.5.4. Reporting Particle Concentrations in Air and Water
      2.5.5. Representation by Effect
      Key Terms
      ch. Two Problems
      References
      ch. Three Chemistry
      3.1. Approaches in Environmental Chemistry
      3.2. Activity and Concentration
      3.3. Reaction Stoichiometry
      3.4. Thermodynamic Laws
      3.5. Volatilization
      3.6. Air
      Water Equilibrium
      3.6.1. Henry's Law Constant with Units for a Gas Dissolving in a Liquid
      3.6.2. Dimensionless Henry's Law Constant for a Species Transferring from the Liquid Phase into the Gas Phase
      3.7. Acid-Base Chemistry
      3.7.1. pH
      3.7.2. Definition of Acids and Bases and their Equilibrium Constants
      3.7.3. Carbonate System, Alkalinity, and Buffering Capacity
      3.8. Oxidation
      Reduction
      3.9. Precipitation
      Dissolution
      3.10. Adsorption, Absorption, and Sorption
      3.11. Kinetics
      3.11.1. Rate Law
      3.11.2. Zero-Order and First-Order Reactions
      3.11.3. Pseudo First-Order Reactions
      3.11.4. Half-Life and Its Relationship to the Rate Constant
      3.11.5. Effect of Temperature on Rate Constants
      Key Terms
      ch. Three Problems
      References
      ch. Four Physical Processes
      4.1. Mass Balances
      4.1.1. Control Volume
      4.1.2. Terms of the Mass Balance Equation for a CMFR
      4.1.3. Reactor Analysis: The CMFR
      4.1.4. Batch Reactor
      4.1.5. Plug-Flow Reactor
      4.1.6. Retention Time and Other Expressions for V/Q
      4.1.7. Materials Flow Analysis and Urban Metabolism
      4.2. Energy Balances
      4.2.1. Forms of Energy
      4.2.2. Conducting an Energy Balance
      4.2.3. Impact of Greenhouse Gas Emissions on Earth's Energy Balance
      4.2.4. Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Insulation, Infiltration, and Thermal Walls
      4.2.5. Urban Heat Island
      4.3. Buildings: Right Sizing and Energy
      4.4. Mass Transport Processes
      4.4.1. Advection and Dispersion
      4.4.2. Movement of a Particle in a Fluid: Stokes' Law
      Key Terms
      ch. Four Problems
      References
      ch. Five Biology
      5.1. Ecosystem Structure and Function
      5.1.1. Major Organism Groups
      5.2. Population Dynamics
      5.2.1. Units of Expression for Population Size
      5.2.2. Models of Population Growth
      5.3. Energy Flow in Ecosystems
      5.3.1. Energy Capture and Use: Photosynthesis and Respiration
      5.3.2. Trophic Structure in Ecosystems
      5.3.3. Thermodynamics and Energy Transfer
      5.4. Oxygen Demand: Biochemical, Chemical, and Theoretical
      5.4.1. Definition of BOD, CBOD, and NBOD
      5.4.2. Sources of BOD
      5.4.3. Theoretical Oxygen Demand
      5.4.4. BOD Kinetics
      5.4.5. CBOD Rate Coefficient
      5.4.6. BOD: Measurement. Application and Limitations
      5.4.7. BOD Test: Limitations and Alternatives
      5.5. Material Flow in Ecosystems
      5.5.1. Oxygen and Carbon Cycles
      5.5.2. Nitrogen Cycle
      5.5.3. Phosphorus Cycle
      5.5.4. Sulfur Cycle
      5.6. Ecosystem Health and the Public Welfare
      5.6.1. Toxic Substances and Ecosystem and Human Health
      5.6.2. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health
      Key Terms
      ch. Five Problems
      References
      ch. Six Environmental Risk
      6.1. Risk and the Engineer
      6.2. Risk Perception
      6.3. Hazardous Waste and Toxic Chemicals
      6.3.1. Hazardous Waste
      6.3.2. Toxicity
      6.3.3. Pollution Prevention
      6.4. Engineering Ethics and Risk
      6.5. Risk Assessment
      6.5.1. Hazard Assessment
      6.5.2. Dose-Response Assessment
      6.5.3. Exposure Assessment
      6.5.4. Risk Characterization
      6.6. More Complicated Problems with at Least Two Exposure Routes
      6.6.1. Setting Water-Quality Standards Based on Exposure from Drinking Water and Eating Fish
      6.6.2. How to Determine Allowable Soil Cleanup Standards That Protect Groundwater
      Key Terms
      ch. Six Problems
      References
      ch. Seven Water: Quantity and Quality
      7.1. Introduction to Water Resources and Water Quality
      7.2. Surface Water, Groundwater, Watersheds
      7.2.1. Surface Water and Groundwater
      7.2.2. Watersheds
      7.2.3. Estimating Surface Runoff from Land Use
      7.2.4. Estimating Pollutant Loadings in Runoff from Land Use
      7.3. Water Availability
      7.4. Water Usage
      7.4.1. Primary Use of Water in the World
      7.4.2. U.S. Water Usage
      7.4.3. Public Water Supplies
      7.4.4. Water Reclamation and Reuse
      7.4.5. Water Scarcity and Water Conflict
      7.5. Municipal Water Demand
      7.5.1. Creating Models to Estimate Demand
      7.5.2. Estimating Water (and Wastewater) Flows
      7.5.3. Time-Varying Flows and Seasonal Cycles
      7.5.4. Fire Flow Demand and Unaccounted-for Water
      7.5.5. Demand Forecasting
      7.6. Water Distribution (and Wastewater Collection) Systems
      7.6.1. System Layout
      7.6.2. Design Flow Velocities and Pipe Sizing
      7.6.3. Pumping Stations and Storage
      7.7. River Water Quality
      7.7.1. Dissolved Oxygen and BOD
      7.7.2. Oxygen Saturation
      7.7.3. Oxygen Deficit
      7.7.4. Oxygen Mass Balance
      7.7.5. Dissolved-Oxygen Sag Curve and Critical Distance
      7.8. Lake and Reservoir Water Quality
      7.8.1. Thermal Stratification of Lakes and Reservoirs
      7.8.2. Organic Matter, Thermal Stratification, and Oxygen Depletion
      7.8.3. Nutrient Limitation and Trophic State
      7.8.4. Engineered Lake Management
      7.9. Wetlands
      7.10. Groundwater Quality and Flow
      7.10.1. Sources of Groundwater Pollution
      7.10.2. Groundwater Flow and Pollutant Transport
      7.10.3. Subsurface Remediation
      Key Terms
      ch. Seven Problems
      References
      ch. Eight Water Treatment
      8.1. Introduction
      8.2. Characteristics of Untreated Water
      8.2.1. Physical Characteristics
      8.2.2. Major and Minor Inorganic Constituents
      8.2.3. Major Organic Constituents
      8.2.4. Microbial Constituents
      8.3. Water Quality Standards
      8.4. Overview of Water Treatment Processes
      8.5. Coagulation and Flocculation
      8.5.1. Particle Stability and Removal
      8.5.2. Chemical Coagulants
      8.5.3. Other Considerations
      8.6. Hardness Removal
      8.7. Sedimentation
      8.7.1. Discrete Particle Settling
      8.7.2. Particle Removal During Sedimentation
      8.7.3. Other Types of Settling
      8.8. Filtration
      8.8.1. Types of Granular Filtration
      8.8.2. Media Characteristics
      8.9. Disinfection
      8.9.1. Current Disinfection Methods
      8.9.2. Disinfection Kinetics
      8.10. Membrane Processes
      8.10.1. Classification of Membrane Processes
      8.10.2. Membrane Materials
      8.10.3. Membrane Process Types and Configurations
      8.10.4. Membrane Selection and Operation
      8.10.5. Membrane Performance
      8.11. Adsorption
      8.11.1. Types of Adsorption Processes
      8.11.2. Adsorbent Types
      Key Terms
      ch. Eight Problems
      References
      ch. Nine Wastewater and Stormwater: Collection, Treatment, Resource Recovery
      9.1. Introduction
      9.2. Characteristics of Domestic Wastewater
      9.3. Overview of Treatment Processes
      9.4. Preliminary Treatment
      9.4.1. Screening
      9.4.2. Grit Chambers
      9.4.3. Flotation
      9.4.4. Equalization
      9.5. Primary Treatment
      9.6. Secondary Treatment
      9.6.1. Suspended-Growth Reactors: Activated Sludge
      9.7. Modifications to the Activated-Sludge Process
      9.7.1. Membrane Bioreactors
      9.8. Attached-Growth Reactors
      9.9. Removal and Recovery of Nutrients: Nitrogen and Phosphorus
      9.9.1. Nitrogen
      9.9.2. Phosphorus
      9.10. Disinfection and Aeration
      9.11. End of Life Sludge Management and Energy Recovery
      9.11.1. Sludge Stabilization
      9.11.2. Digesters
      9.11.3. Dewatering
      9.11.4. Disposal
      9.12. Natural Treatment Systems
      9.12.1. Stabilization Ponds
      9.12.2. Wetlands
      9.13. Energy Usage during Wastewater Treatment
      9.14. Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse
      9.15. Wet-Weather Flow Implications for Wastewater
      9.16. Managing Wet-Weather Flows
      9.17. Green Stormwater Management
      9.17.1. Green Roofs
      9.17.2. Permeable (or Porous) Pavements
      9.17.3. Bioretention Cells
      9.17.4. Bioswales and Other Land Use Techniques
      Key Terms
      ch. Nine Problems
      References
      ch. Ten Solid-Waste Management
      10.1. Introduction
      10.2. Solid-Waste Characterization
      10.2.1. Sources of Solid Waste
      10.2.2. Quantities of Municipal Solid Waste
      10.2.3. Materials in Municipal Solid Waste
      Contents note continued: 10.2.4. Collection of Solid-Waste Characterization Data
      10.2.5. Physical/Chemical Characterization of Waste
      10.2.6. Hazardous-Waste Characterization
      10.3. Components of Solid-Waste Systems
      10.3.1. Storage, Collection, and Transport
      10.3.2. Recycling and Materials Recovery
      10.3.3. Composting
      10.3.4. Waste-to-Energy
      10.3.5. Landfill
      10.3.6. Solid-Waste Energy Technologies
      10.4. Management Concepts
      10.4.1. Consultation
      10.4.2. Policy Options
      10.4.3. Cost Estimation
      Key Terms
      ch. Ten Problems
      References
      ch. Eleven Air Quality Engineering
      11.1. Introduction
      11.2. Scale and Cycles of Air Pollution
      11.2.1. Scale of Air Pollution Issues
      11.2.2. Air Pollution System
      11.3. Atmospheric Structure
      11.3.1. Atmospheric Temperature Structure
      11.3.2. Atmospheric Pressure and Density Structure
      11.3.3. Composition of the Atmosphere
      11.4. Characteristics of Polluted Air
      11.4.1. Criteria Air Pollutants
      11.4.2. Human Health Impacts and Defenses to Particulate Matter
      11.4.3. Major Sources of Air Pollutants
      11.4.4. Recent Trends in Concentrations of Air Pollutants
      11.4.5. Air Quality Index
      11.4.6. Hazardous Air Pollutants
      11.4.7. Ground-Level and Stratospheric Ozone
      11.4.8. Odorous Air
      11.4.9. Indoor Air Pollutants
      11.5. Ambient Emissions and Emissions Control
      11.5.1. Types of Emissions and Sources
      11.5.2. Emissions Trends
      11.5.3. Emissions Control
      11.6. Assessment of Emissions
      11.7. Meteorology and Transport
      11.7.1. Flow Fundamentals
      11.7.2. Winds: Direction, Speed, and Turbulence
      11.7.3. Atmospheric Stability
      11.7.4. Terrain Effects on Atmospheric Stability
      11.8. Atmospheric Dispersion and the Gaussian Plume Dispersion Modeling
      11.8.1. Fundamentals of Dispersion Modeling
      11.8.2. Model Parameters
      11.8.3. Forms of the Gaussian Dispersion Equation
      Key Terms
      ch. Eleven Problems
      References.
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